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MODULE II - OPERATING PROCEDURES

  • SIGNAL REPORTS (QRK & QSA) AND QSL'S

    Signal reports play an important function in amateur radio activities especially during tuning operation. Signal reporting is also a part of DX-ing activities. While upper class amateurs enjoy the privilege of using radio stations with an output power up to a maximum of one (1) kilowatt on CW or two (2) kilowatts on Single Side Band (SSB) and state of the art VHF/UHF radio stations, Class D amateurs on the other hand are encouraged to be active in DX activities by maximizing the use of the limited privileges allowed to them by law.

    SIGNAL REPORTS. A report on an FM Transceiver consists of a Readability (R) Report or QRK, together with the assessment of how much louder is the noise than the desired signal. If your receiver has an S-meter, a Signal Strength (S) Report or QSA can be given but should be followed by an assessment of the noise level. (Signal reports on repeater contacts are meaningless). (In this Chapter, we will take up only the Signal Reports in 2-Meter Band as this is the band  allowed for beginners.)

    READABILITY REPORT (QRK)SIGNAL STRENGTH REPORT (QSA)
    01 - UNREADABLES1 - VERY WEAK SIGNAL
    02 - BARELY READABLES2 - WEAK SIGNAL
    03 - READABLE WITH SLIGHT DIFFICULTYS3 - FAIR SIGNAL
    04 - READABLE W/O DIFFICULTYS4 - MODERATELY STRONG SIGNAL
    05 - PERFECTLY READABLES5 - VERY STRONG SIGNAL

    "5 by 5" or "Q5, S5" means a very good signal.
    "WALL TO WALL" also means a very good signal.
    "FULL SCALE" means S-meter is reading full scale.

    QSL CARDS.

    To confirm a DX contact, postcards or QSL cards are exchanged between the two contacting stations. These cards form part of the proof of your amateur activity and are attached when renewing your license with the NTC. In many instances, the QSL cards are used to obtain awards and other certificates or simply, as souvenirs. QSL cards can be mailed direct to the recipient's P.O. Box or delivered via the QSL Bureau.

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    BASIC INFORMATION ON THE QSL CARD

    1. Your call sign and handle and that of the DX contact. Your call sign and handle appear on the same side of the QSL card with the other information.

    2. The frequency used during the contact.

    3. Mode of operation. It is important in some quarters to specify the mode used by both stations (Example: 2-way VHF/FM).

    4. Date of contact. The date of contact should have the name of the month written. (Example: 14 February 1998). Or if written in figures: 02/14/98.

    5. Time of contact (QTR). The time should be expressed in the Universal Coordinated Time (UTC). If local time is used, this should be stated.

    LOCAL TIME- PHILUTCLOCAL TIME - PHILUTC
    8:00 A.M.00:00 UTC 8:00 P.M.12:00 UTC
    9:00 A.M.01:00 UTC 9:00 P.M.13:00 UTC
    10:00 A.M.02:00 UTC10:00 P.M.14:00 UTC
    11:00 A.M.03:00 UTC11:00 P.M.15:00 UTC
    12:00 NOON04:00 UTC12:00 MIDNITE16:00 UTC
    1:00 P.M.05:00 UTC1:00 A.M.17:00 UTC
    2:00 P.M.06:00 UTC2:00 A.M.18:00 UTC
    3:00 P.M.07:00 UTC3:00 A.M.19:00 UTC
    4:00 P.M.08:00 UTC4:00 A.M.20:00 UTC
    5:00 P.M.09:00 UTC5:00 A.M.22:00 UTC
    7:00 P.M.11:00 UTC7:00 A.M.23:00 UTC

    6. Signal reports (QRK, QSA or R-S reports).

    7. Description of equipment used (RIG and Antenna).

    8. P.O. Box or address.

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