Radio Propagation Overview / Forecast / Prediction

Radio propagation forecasts enable radio operators to optimize communication by selecting the best frequencies and times for making contacts. Researchers assess propagation conditions globally and regionally:

1. Global propagation conditions refer to the overall state of the ionosphere and its impact on radio wave transmission across our planet. These conditions are influenced by solar activity, geomagnetic storms, and other large-scale phenomena.
2. Regional propagation conditions, on the other hand, focus on specific geographic areas.

The following figures illustrate global skywave propagation conditions, predictions, and trends, alongside regional forecasts:

1. Today's average global conditions forecast courtesy of Paul L Herrman, N0NBH:
   
   Figure 1: Average Global Conditions
 
2. 48-Hour propagation trend courtesy of HF Activity Group:

   Propagation conditions by HF Activity Group The bar shows the HF SCORE now. The red line shows the overall 48-hours trend. The HF score graph fluctuates over time, indicating different levels of solar and geomagnetic activity. Peaks denote optimal propagation conditions, while dips indicate unfavorable conditions.

   Figure 2: The global propagation conditions Raw data: NOAA—SWPC 🗗, NASA—GOES 🗗.

 
3. The MUF 3000 km map by Andrew, KC2G illustrates the current regional propagation conditions:
   
   Figure 3: MUF 3000 km Propagation Map, by Andrew, KC2G
   This map does not take into account terrain or ionospheric dynamics.
   How to use this map | Additional notes | Animated map

Additionally, knowledge of the solar indices and the space weather indices may provide radio operators with a broader understanding of the state of the HF bands. See dynamic collection of propagation information gathered from many different sources by Doug Brandon, N6RT.

Read more about Real-time MUF 3000 km Propagation Map. See also an index of terms for HF Radio propagation.