↑ ↑ What is Skywave Propagation?

This page is part of the project "Understanding HF Propagation."
by Doron Tal, 4X4XM

Skywave Propagation describes the behavior of radio signals at high frequencies (HF), typically in the range from 3 to 30 MHz. Skywaves can travel hundreds of kilometers, allowing for long-distance communication. The free electron density of the ionosphere influences the refraction of these radio waves.

Propagation Modes
Figure 1: Overview of HF Propagation Modes
During the day, the ionosphere becomes more ionized, with higher frequencies refracted back to Earth. At night, it becomes less ionized, with lower frequencies bounced back to Earth.

The project "Understanding HF Propagation," focuses on skywave propagation,
shows near-real-time indices and explains what the terms mean.
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