MIDDLE EAST

Regional

    Mother of All Battles Radio 
        Organization: Ba'ath government in Iraq
        Broadcasts from: Iraq
        Languages: Arabic
        Identification: (Arabic) idha'at umm al-ma'arik, idha'atu kul al-arab
        Active Since: Jan 1991 and sporadically since then. Transmitters were destroyed by the
            allied forces during the Gulf War, but returned on August 2, 1995.
        Contact Address
        Monitored
            1995: 1600-1900 693, 1377 kHz
                      2000-2300 7151.4, 13650, 15240, 15340 kHz (BBCM via CRBweb)
            Nov 97: 2016-2100+  7146.9 kHz  (Hill, MA via DXW 91)
            Feb 98: *1715-2100*  9715v // 693 kHz  (BBCM via WWDXC 349)
            Jul 98:  1710-1857*  9714.5 kHz  (Fathi-Egypt via CDX 194)
            Sep 98: 1600-1900v  9685, 11785 kHz  (PanIview-Bulgaria via Bueschel via
                                                                             Hauser via CDX 207)
            Oct 98: 1700-2000  9685, 11785v kHz  (PanIview-Bulgaria via BCDX 389)


Iran     Radio Liberty Farsi-Language Service 

        Organization: Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty
        Broadcasts from: Biblis, Portugal; Kavala, Greece; Woofferton, UK
        Languages: Farsi
        Identification: (Farsi)
        Active Since: October 30, 1998
        Contact Address
            RFE / RL, 1201 Connecticut Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA
        Website
            Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty Farsi Service
            Schedule
        Monitored
            Jan 99:  *0430-0530*  6025, 6150, 9585, 9850 kHz
                          *1600-1700*  6040, 9680, 11730, 12025 kHz  (Direct)

    Radio Tomorrow's Iran
        Organization:
        Broadcasts from:
        Languages: Farsi
        Idenitification: In Seda-ye Iran Azad, Radio-ye Iran e Farda
        Active Since: December 7, 1998
        Contact Address
        Monitored
            Dec 98: 1800-1830  5830 kHz  (Vaghjee-Mauritius via NU 1506)

    Voice of the Communist Party of Iran 

        Organization: KOMALA - Kurdish Organization of the Communist Party of Iran
        Broadcasts from: Possibly shares transmitter with Voice of Iranian Revolution.
        Languages: Farsi
        Identification: (Persian) Seda-ye Hezb-e Komonist-e Iran
        Active Since: October 13, 1983
        Contact Address
            P.R., P.O.Box 3015, 145 03 Norsborg, Sweden
                Tel: (46) 70 747 6542    Fax: (46) 18 46 8493
                e-mail: [email protected]
        Related Website
            Komala
            Tactics and Political Struggle
        Monitored
            Jul 97: 1800*  6435.17 kHz  (Pashkevich, RUS via Cumbre 148)
            Oct 97: 1700-1800  3910 // 4385 kHz (Grigoriev, BUL via Cumbre 161)
            Dec 97:  1700-1800  4375v // 3920v kHz  (BBCM via Cumbre 167)
                          1730+  3965v // 4380v kHz  (PanIview, BUL via BCDX 340)
            Jan 98:  1830+  3905 kHz  (Passman, GER via DXW 99)
                         1950*  3920 USB kHz  (Liangas, GRE via Kropf, GER via Johnson, FL)
                         0430-0445+  3920 USB // 4376.5 DSB kHz  (Hill, MA via DXW 99)
            Feb 98:  1750-1756*  3920 kHz  (Pijpers, NETH via CDX 176)
            Aug 98: 1729-1758*  3870.7, 4360v kHz  (Krone-Denmark via NU 1488)
            Oct 98:  1657-1757  3880v, 4370v kHz  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 389)
            Nov 98: 1700+  3880, 4360 kHz  (van Rooy-Germany via DXW 140)

    Voice of Iranian Revolution 
        Organization: Communist Party of Iran (CPI)
        Broadcasts from: Possibly shares transmitter with the Voice of the Communist Party of Iran
        Languages: Farsi, Kurdish
        Identification: (Farsi) Seda-ye Enqelab-e Iran
                             (Kurdish) Aira dangi Shurashi Irana
        Active Since: January 16, 1983, prior to the founding of the CPI!
        Contact Address
            C.D.C.R.I., Box 70445, 10725 Stockholm, Sweden
                Tel/Fax: (46) 08 86 8054
                e-mail: [email protected]
            International Bureau - CPI, Box 1348, London WCIN 3XX, England
                Tel: (44) 0385 94 0816    Fax: (44) 0181 931 8352
                e-mail: [email protected]
        Website
            Communist Party of Iran
        Monitored
            Nov 94: 1500-1530* 6410-6418v kHz, traditionally 3875-3965v kHz (BBCM via NASWA Jan 95)
            Mar 97: 1430-1525 3888v, 4385v kHz (Grigoriev, BUL via Cumbre 131)
            Apr 97: 1600*  3875 // 4375 kHz  (BBCM via DXW 61)
            Feb 98: 1430+  3920 then 3930 kHz with jamming  (Grigoriev Contact via Kropf via CDX 178)
            Jun 98:  1511+  4325, 4385, 4395 kHz (Henderson-Turkey via NU 1477)
            Oct 98:  1500-1600  3880v, 4370v kHz  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 389)
            Nov 98: 0336+  4150 kHz  (Henderson-France via NU 1504)
                          1504-1530  3880, 4370 kHz  (Martin-Australia via NU 1504)

    Voice of Mojahed  
 
        Organization: Mojahedin e-Khalq (National Liberation Army of Iran), backed by Iraq
        Broadcasts from: Iraqi-Iranian Border via Mojahedin camps in Iraq
        Languages: Farsi
        Identification: (Farsi) Sedaye Mojahed
        Active Since: 1981
        Contact Address
            e-mail: [email protected]
            M.I.S.S., Public Relations, BM Box 9720, London WC1N 3XX, UK
            Mr. Majid Taleghani, Mojahedines du People d'Iran, 17 rue des Gords, F-95430 Auvers-sur-aise,
                    France
            Heibatollahi, Postfach 502107, 50981 Koln, Germany
            BM Box 951, London NW 119 EL, UK
            P.O.Box 3133, Baghdad, Iraq M.I.S.S.,
            P.O.Box 572-45, Washington, DC 20037, USA
            People's Mojahedin of Iran - Press Office,
                    National Press Building, P.O. Box 27087, Suite 1065, Washington, DC 20038
        Related Website
                Radio Sedaye Mojahed with Real Audio!
              Mojahedin e-Khalq
            Mojahedin e-Khalq
            Terrorist Group Profiles
            U.S. Department of Justice Foreign Agents Registration Act Annual Report for 1995 on Mojahed
        Monitored
            Jun 98:  0154-0220+  4850, 5620v, 5629.1, 5670v kHz  (Grace-USA via CRW 6)
                         0230-0330  5120-5180, 5220-5280, 5320-5380, 5620-5680, 6220-6280, 6480 kHz
                         *0300  5120-5180 // 5720 kHz  (Henderson-Turkey via NU 1477)
            Jul 98:   0155-0245+  5610-5680 // 6270 kHz  (Schoech-Germany via CRW 9)
            Aug 98: *0100-0300*  4650, 4850, 5150, 5350, 5650, 5750, 6250 kHz
                         *0100-0300*  6177 kHz  with different program
                         *1600-1808*  4650, 4850, 5150, 5350, 5650, 5750, 6250 kHz
                         *1600-1808*  6177 kHz  with different program  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 378)
            Oct 98:  0205-0214*  6220 kHz  (Tomasko-USA via CDX 211)
            Nov 98: *0200-0500*  4450v, 4650v, 4850v, 5150v, 5350v, 5650v, 5750v, 6250v kHz
                          *1500-1900*  4450v, 4650v, 4850v, 5150v, 5350v, 5650v, 5750v, 6250v kHz
                          *1600-2100*  6175 kHz  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 389)

    Voice of Southern Azerbaijan (Voice of Azerbaijan) 
        Organization: National & Independent Front of Southern Azerbaijan (FNISA)
        Broadcasts from: Israel.  Nikolai Pashkevich reports that he has heard this station
                with Israel's Rashet Bet radio service mixing in the audio. (CDX 180)  If this
                report is incorrect, Turkey may be another possible location.
        Languages: Azeri
        Identification: (Azeri) Bura Janubi Azerbaijan Sasi
        Active Since: July 1996
        Contact Address
            Vosa Ltd., Postfach 108, A-1193 Vienna, Austria
            Phone: +31 307-192189 an answering machine in the Netherlands
            Qurtulus, 40-1110 Finch Avenue West, Suite 1039, North York, Ontario M3J 3M2, Canada
        Websites
            CRI Investigative Report
            Qurtulus FNISA's Magazine
        Monitored
            Apr 98:  *1530-1630*  13645 kHz  (Bueschel, GER via DXW 111)
                          *0515-0615*  11934.94 kHz  (PanIview, BUL via BCDX 362)
            May 98:  *1525-1630*  13645 kHz  Weerakoon-Sri Lanka via UADX via BCDX 362)
                           *0515-0616*  13645 kHz
                           *1530-1630*  13645 kHz  (Bueschel-Germany via BCDX 364)
            Jun 98:  0712+  11934.92 kHz (Henderson-Turkey via NU 1476)
                         1605-1630*  13644.9 kHz (Stiller-Germany via DXW 116)
            Oct 98: 0615-0715  13645.1 kHz
                         1630-1730  13645.1 kHz  (PanIview-Bulgaria via BCDX 387)
 
 
    Voice of the Worker 
        Organization: Rahe Kargar - Organization of Revolutionary Workers of Iran
        Broadcasts from: Iraq?  Once shared facilities with the Voice of the Feda'i (1984-1991)
        Languages: Farsi
        Idenitification: (Persian) Seda-ye Kargar
        Active Since: June 1987
        Contact Address
        Website
    Worker-Communist Party of Iran
        Monitored
            Mar 97: 1730-1815* 4190 kHz (Grigoriev, BUL via Cumbre 131)
            May 97: 1650+  3945.1 kHz  (Krone, DEN via DXW 63)
            Jun 97: 1430+ 4190 kHz (Goonetilleke, SRI via BBCM via DXW 70)
            Apr 98:  1635-1700+  4200 kHz  (Krone, DEN via NU 1471)
            May 98: 1430-1515  4200v kHz
                          1630-1715  4200v kHz  (BBCM via NU 1476)
            Jun 98:  1430-1515  4200v kHz (repeat of previous day's 1630-1715 UTC)
                         1630-1715  4200v kHz (BBCM via NU 1476)
                         1632+  4200 kHz (Henderson-Turkey via NU 1477)
            Oct 98: 1527-1613  4190v kHz
                         1727-1813  4190v kHz  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 389)
            Nov 98: *1530-1611+  4190 kHz  (Krone-Denmark via DXW 139)
                            1743+  4190 kHz  (van Rooy-Germany via DXW 140)


Iraq

    The Future

        Organization: Al-Wifaq al-Watani al-Iraqi (Iraqi National Accord) in Amman & funded since 1995
                by the CIA.  According to the Washington Post on June 23, 1996, Clinton agreed in January
                1996 to provide US$6 million for the group.
        Broadcasts from: 50 kW Harris transmitter in Kuwait administered by the CIA.
                Was also broadcast over the U.S. military EC-130 PSYOPS plane on various
                occasions, including during February 1998.  Note however that the EC-130 is
                deployed very rarely and almost always during a military intervention involving
                American troops.
        Languages: Arabic
        Identification: (Arabic) Huna al-Mustaqbal, idaat al-wifaq al watani al Iraq
        Active Since: April 21, 1996
        Contact Address
            P.O. Box 3124, London SW19 1RL, United Kingdom
                Tel: (0181) 543 9282  Fax: (0181) 543 2932
                e-mail: [email protected]
        Website
            Al Mustaqbal
            CRI Investigative Report
        Monitored
            Feb 98:  *0100+  1566 kHz  (BDXC Communication via WWDXC 348)
                          *1700-0700*  1557-1584v kHz  (Direct via Grace, DC)

    Radio Free Iraq 

        Organization: Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty
        Broadcasts from: Kavala, Greece; Lampertheim, UK; Woofferton, UK
        Languages: Arabic
        Identification: (Arabic)
        Active Since: October 30, 1998
        Contact Address
            RFE / RL, 1201 Connecticut Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20036 USA
        Website
            Radio Free Iraq
            Schedule
        Monitored
            Jan 99:  *0200-0300*  5965, 6015, 7105, 9635 kHz
                          *0300-0400*  5965, 7110, 7275, 9740 kHz
                          *1500-1600*  6130, 9835, 11965, 12015 kHz
                          *1600-1700*  6130, 9540, 11915, 11965 kHz  (Direct)

    Radio Television Iraq
        Organization:
        Broadcast from:
        Languages: Arabic
        Identification: (Arabic)
        Active Since:
        Contact Address
        Website
        Monitored
            Jun 98: 0320-0346+  4615-4680v kHz  (Henderson-Turkey via NU 1477)

    Voice of the Brave Armed Forces, Iraqi Army Radio 

        Organization: Unknown.  Believed to have been operated by Al-Wifaq al-Watani al-Iraqi
                (Iraqi National Accord) in London, which is supported by military defectors.  In a
                letter to Canadian listener Dr. Jean Burnell dated July 9, 1998, the group states
                "Our movement... has nothing to do with it, and unfortunately, we have no idea
                who is responsible for such a voice."  Sources close to the Iraqi National Congress,
                however, have told CRI webmaster Nick Grace C. that the station is tied to the
                Accord and broadcast via U.S. facilities.  This report is further substantiated by the
                frequency choice - mirroring the Accord's known station Al Mustaqbal.
        Broadcasts from: 50 kW Harris transmitter in Kuwait administered by the CIA.
                Was also broadcast over the U.S. military EC-130 PSYOPS plane on various
                occasions, including during February 1998.  Note however that the EC-130 is
                deployed very rarely and almost always during a military intervention involving
                American troops.
        Languages: Arabic, Kurdish
        Identification: (Arabic) Sawt al-quwwat al Musallah al-basilah
            (English translation) Voice of the Brave Armed Forces
        Active Since: 1995
        Contact Address
            P.O. Box 3124, London SW19 1RL, United Kingdom
                Tel: (0181) 543 9282  Fax: (0181) 543 2932
                e-mail: [email protected]
        Website
            CRI Investigative Report
        Monitored
            1995: 1700-1900 1530 kHz (BBCM via CRBweb)
            Feb 98:  2000-0100*  1575 kHz  (BDXC Communication via WWDXC 348)
            Mar 98:  0046-0055  1566 kHz  (BBCM via BCDX 354)
            Jul 98:  0043+  1575 kHz  (Burnell-CAN via HCDX via CRW 8)
            Nov 98: 0200-0300+  1566 kHz  (Honzik-Czech via HCDX via CRW 17)
                          2329-2335+  1560 kHz  (Fransson-Sweden via CRW 17)

    Voice of the Iraqi Communist Workers Party 

        Organization: Iraqi Communist Workers Party
        Broadcasts from:
        Languages: Kurdish, Arabic
        Identification:
        Contact Address
            WCPI Radio, Zargata, Sulaimanjia, Iraq
            P.O. Box 7926, London, SE1 2ZG, U.K
                Tel: 0044 95 6633080  Fax: 0046 8 58170815
                e-mail:  [email protected]
            Post Box 2647, 2100 Copenhagen 0, Denmark
                e-mail: [email protected]
            AKPI, Postfach 160244, 10336 Berlkin, Germany
                e-mail: [email protected]
            P.O. Box 491, Donmins Postal Station, Nort York, Ontario M3C 2T4, Canada
        Related Website
            Worker Communist Party of Iraq
            Worker Communist Party of Iraq
        Monitored
            Jul 97:  1750-1835*  3999.45 kHz  (Krone, DEN via DXW 73)
            Sep 98: 1630-1830 4000 kHz (BBCM via DXW 131)
 

    Voice of Iraqi People, Voice of Free Iraq, Republic of Iraq Radio 
        Organization:  "A heretic's desperate propaganda operation believed to be booming
            from Saudi Arabia.  No wonder I am familiar with the female announcer's voice,
            whom as far as I remember previously hosted a kids program there" Mahmud Saladin
            K. Fathi wrote in CDX 197.
        Broadcasts from: Declared that it was using the facilities of Egypt, Syria, & Gulf Cooperation
            Council member states.
            The Washington Post reported that it broadcast via Saudi Arabia (Washington Post, Sep 15,
                    1996, A01).
        Languages: Arabic, Kurdish, Turkmen
        Identification: (Arabic) Idha'at al-Jumhuriyah al-Iraqiyah min Baghdad, Sawt al-Sha'b al-Iraqi
            (English translation) Radio of the Republic of Iraq from Baghdad, Voice of the Iraqi People
        Active Since: January 1, 1991
        Contact Address
            Suliman A. al-Samnan, Dir. Freq. Management, Broadcasting Service of the Kingdom of Saudi
                Arabia, P.O.Box 61718, Riyadh 11575, Saudi Arabia  Unconfirmed
        Related Website
        Monitored
            Apr 98:  2200-2300+  9568.5 kHz  (Johnson, FL via CDX 184)
                         2155+  9568.5 kHz  (Krone, DEN via DXW 111)
                         2247+  9563.0 // 9568.5 kHz  (Krone, DEN via DXW 112)
            May 98: 2030-2347 9563 kHz  (Willfoer-Finland via CRW 4)
            Jun 98:  0314+  4755 khz (Henderson-Turkey via NU 1477)
                         *1758+  3871 jumped to 3875, 4755 kHz (Martin-OZ via Nu 1477)
                         1800+  3900v // 4760 kHz (Henderson-Turkey via NU 1477)
                         1940-2212  4785, 9560, 9568.4 kHz  (Timofeyev-Russia via DXW 118)
            Jul 98:  2130-2313*  9568.5 kHz  (Fathi-Egypt via CDX 197)
            Aug 98: 1300-2203+  9568.5 kHz  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 378)
            Oct 98: 1825-1845  9568.45 kHz  (Korinek-South Africa via CRW 15)
                         2135-2205+  9568.42 kHz  (Renfrew-USA via CDX 211)
                         2138-2150  9563, 9568.46 kHz  (Bueschel-Germany via BCDX 385)

    Voice of Iraqi People 
        Organization: Iraqi Communist Party, possibly affiliated with Voice of Iraqi Kurdistan,
                & Voice of the Communist Party of Iraqi Kurdistan.
        Broadcasts from: Iraqi Kurdistan during the early 1980's.
        Languages: Arabic
        Identification: (Arabic) Idhaat Sawt al-Shab al-Iraqi, sawt al-Dimuqratiyah wa al-Taqaddum,
                idha'at al-Hizb al-Shuju'i al-Iraqi
                              English Translation: This is the Voice of the Iraqi People, the voice of democracy and
                                    progress, the radio of the Iraqi Communist Party
                                (Kurdish) Era Dengi Gel-y Iraqi
        Active Since: March 21, 1982, however "a radio of the same name and Communist Party affiliation
                was heard between 1963 and 1968 bcing clandestinely from Bulgaria." (BBCM via WWDXC)
                Other reports point towards June 1960 as the original founding of the station.
        Contact Address
        Monitored
            Jan 98:  0400+  4760 kHz  (Pijpers. NETH via CDX 172)
                         1943*  4760 kHz  (Hill, MA via DXW 99)
            Mar 98:  1840+  3897 kHz  (Zeidan, EGY via CDX 180)
            Apr 98:  1815-1841*  3904.6 kHz  (Krone, DEN via DXW 111)
            Jul 98:  1818+  3905, 4765 kHz  (Liangas-Greece via CRW 9)
            Aug 98: 1730-1830  3900v, 4760v or 4765v kHz  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 378 &
                                                                                            Krone-Denmark via NU 1488)
            Oct 98: 0310-0320  4765 kHz  (Rizzardi-Italy via PLAY 995 via CRW 15)
            Nov 98: 1821-1840*  4755 kHz  (Ruow-Germany via DXW 139)

    Voice of Islamic Revolution in Iraq 
        Organization: Shii Supreme Council of the Islamic Revolution of Iraq (SCIRI), headed by
            Muhammad Baqir al-Hakim in support of the Shiite uprising in southern Iraq. Also affiliated
            with the Islamic Da'wah Party and the Islamic Revolutionary Army for the Liberation of Iraq.
        Broadcasts from: Mashad, Iran
        Languages: Arabic
        Identification: (Arabic) Sawt al-Thawrah al-Islamiyah fi al-Iraq
        Active Since: 1983
        Contact Address
            (SCIRI), 27a Old Gloucester St. London WC1N 3XX, UK
                Tel: +44 171 371 6815  Fax: +44 171 371 2886
                e-mail: [email protected]
        Website
            The Supreme Council for Islamic Revolution in Iraq
        Monitored
            Nov 97: 0330-0530  7110, 7295, 9610 kHz  (Timofeyev, RUS & Jones, PGY via Cumbre 165)
                          0500-0527*  7295 kHz  (Timofeyev, RUS via DXW 91)
            Dec 97: 0350-0400+  7295 kHz  (Hill, MA via DXW 93)
                         0445+  9610 // 7115 kHz  (Johnson, FL via Cumbre 169)
            Jan 98:  0330-0530  6195, 7115, 7295, 9610 kHz  (Former R Bulgaria translator via PanIview, BUL
                                                                                via WWDXC 343)
            Feb 98:  0330-0400+  7295, 9610 kHz  (D'Angelo, PA via NU 1462)
            Mar 98:  0330-0527  6195, 7115, 7295, 9610 kHz  (Timofeyev, RUS via CDX 180)
            May 98: 0430+  7295, 9610 kHz  (Henderson, TUR via NU 1476)
            Oct 98: 0330-0530  6195, 7115, 7295, 9610 kHz
                         1430-1630  7115, 9670 kHz  (BBCM via NU 1497)
            Nov 98: 0330-0530  5995, 6025, 6145, 9695 kHz (via Mashad, Iran transmitter)
                                                (Timofeyev-Russia via CDX 217)
            Dec 98: 0330+  6195, 7115, 7295, 9670 kHz  (Johnson-USA via CDX 219)

    Voice of Rebellious Iraq

        Organization: Shii Supreme Council of the Islamic Revolution of Iraq (SCIRI), headed by
                Muhammad Baqir al-Hakim in support of the Shiite uprising in southern Iraq
        Broadcasts from: Basra, Iraq, or possibly from Al-Ahwaz, Iran
        Languages: Arabic, Kurdish
        Identification: (Arabic) Sawt al-Iraq al-Thair
                             (Kurdish) Dangi Iraqi Shurashgar
        Active Since: March 12, 1991
        Contact Address
            P.O.Box 36802, Damascus, Syria
            P.O.Box 11365/738, Tehran, Iran
            P.O.Box 37155/146, Qom, Iran
            (SCIRI), 27a Old Gloucester St. London WC1N 3XX, UK
                Tel: +44 171 371 6815  Fax: +44 171 371 2886
                e-mail: [email protected]
        Website
            The Supreme Council for Islamic Revolution in Iraq
        Monitored
            Aug 97: *1200-1400* daily  6030v - 6090v kHz  (BBCM via DXW 75)
            Jan 98:  *0330-0600*  6020v kHz
                         *1300-1530*  6020v kHz
                         *2100-2300*  1386 kHz  (BBCM via NU 1460)
            May 98:  0000-0200  1386 kHz
                           0230-0500  1539 kHz
                           1200-1450  6020v kHz  (BBCM via NU 1476)


Israel

    Voice of the Oppressed

        Organization: Hizbollah
        Broadcasts from: Lebanon. Station was bombed by Israel in Aug, 1996, but resumed broadcasting.
        Languages: Arabic
        Identification:
        Contact Address
            [email protected]  Unconfirmed
        Related Website
            Hizbollah
            Hezbollah Unofficial Website
            Terrorist Group Profiles
        Monitored
            Aug 96: (no time) 684 kHz (BBCM via The ACE Sep 96)

    Voice of Palestine, Voice of the Palestinian Islamic Revolution

        Organization: Palestinian Liberation Organization
        Broadcasts From: Mashad, Iran.  Was also broadcast by Algeria, Libya, Saudi Arabia & Jordan.
        Languages: Arabic
        Identification: (Arabic) Sawt al-filistin, sawtal-thawrah al-islamiyah al-filistiniyah
        Active Since: 1962
        Contact Address
            PLO, P.O. Box 3122, Baghdad, Iraq
            C.P. 421, Luanda, Angola
        Related Websites
            Palestinian Liberation Organization
        Monitored
            Oct 97: 2000-2030+  7190 // 6025 kHz  (Joosten, NETH via DXW via WWDXC)
            Dec 97:  0400-0500  9670 // 6020 kHz
                          1930-2030  7230 kHz  (BBCM via BCDX 340)
            Jan 98: 0400-0500  9670 kHz
                       1930-2030  6025, 6150, 7290, 7230, 9665 kHz  (former R Bulgaria translator
                                                                            via PanIview, BUL via WWDXC 343)
            Mar 98:  *1930-2027*  6025, 6150, 7190, 9665 kHz  (Timofeyev, RUS via CDX 180)
            Apr 98:  *0400-0500*  6020 (x6025), 9670 kHz
                          *1930-2030*  6145, 9695 (x6150 x9665), 6025, 7190, 7230 kHz
                                                                            (PanIview, BUL via BCDX 362)
            May 98:  2010-2030*  6025, 6145 kHz  (Vaghjee, MAUR)
            Jun 98:  1900-2015  6025 kHz  (Peterson-Denmark via DXW 118)
            Oct 98:  2040+  6025, 7190 kHz  (Schneeberger-Germany via DXW 133)
            Nov 98: 0400-0500  6020, 9670 kHz
                          1830-2030  6025, 6145, 7190, 9695 kHz  (BBCM via NU 1497 and
                                                                    Peterson-Denmark DXW via CDX 213)
            Dec 98: *0400-0500*  5995, 6025, 6145, 9695 kHz
                          *1830-2030*  5995, 6025, 6145, 9695 kHz  (Timofeyev-Russia via CDX 217)
                            0400-0500   9610 kHz  (Jones-Paraguay via NU 1504)


Kurdistan     Harim Radio, Voice of the Regional Government of Iraqi Kurdistan 
        Organization: Regional government strongly supported by KDP
        Broadcasts from:
        Languages: Kurdish
        Identification: (Kurdish) Era Radiyo Harim, dangi hukumati harimi Kurdistani Iraqa
        Active Since: February 1997
        Contact Address
        Monitored
            Mar 97: 1400-1530 4070 kHz (BBCM via DXW 55)
            Apr 97: 1500-1600  4080 kHz  (BBCM via BCDX via Cumbre 133)
            Jun 98:  1500-1600  4085v kHz  (BBCM via NU 1479)

    Radio Kurdistan, Voice of the Kurdistan Socialist Democratic Party 
        Organization: Kurdistan Conservative Party & Kurdistan Socialist Democratic Party - PSK, both
                allied with the PUK
        Broadcasts from: Northern Iraq
        Languages: Kurdish, Arabic
        Identification: (Kurdish) Era dangi sarbakhoyi, izgay parti parezgarani Kurdistani
                             (Arabic) Huna idha'at kurdistan, sawt al-hizb al-ishtiraki al-dimuqrati al-kurdistani
       Active Since: May 12, 1997 (Called the Voice of Independence between 1997 and 1998)
        Contact Address
            PSK e-mail: [email protected]
        Monitored
            May 97: 1500-1700  4230 kHz (BBCM via DXW 65)
            May 98: 1500-1700  4135v kHz  (BBCM via NU 1476)
            Jul 98:  2004*  4120v kHz  (Makelainen-Finland via CRW 12)
            Oct 98: *0325-0630*   4120 kHz
                           1500-1830     4120 kHz
                           1900-1930     4120 kHz
                          *2035-2105*  4120 kHz  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 389)
            Nov 98: 1555+  4120 kHz  (Fransson-Sweden via CRW 17)
            Dec 98:  0335+  4120 kHz  (Henderson-France via NU 1504)

    Voice of the Communist Party of Iraqi Kurdistan, Freedom Radio Station
        Organization:
        Broadcasts from:
        Languages: Kurdish
        Identification: (Kurdish) Era Ezgay Azadiya, Dengi hizbi Shuyu'i Kurdistani Iraqa
        Active Since: February 1997
        Contact Address
        Monitored
            Feb 97: 0400+ 3905, 7695 kHz
                        1630-1700 3905, 7695 kHz (BBCM via Cumbre 129)
            Jun 98:  1500-1600  3905v kHz  (BBCM via DXW 119)

    Voice of Independent Kurdistan

        Organization: PKK (Kurdistan Workers Party) & backed by Syria against Turkey
        Broadcasts from: Southeastern Turkey via mobile transmitters most likely
        Languages: Kurdish, Arabic, Turkish
        Identification: (Kurdish) Aira Dengi Kurdistani Sarbakhoya
                             (Turkish) Burasi Radyo Kurdistana Sarbakha
        Active Since: February 25, 1993
        Contact Address
            e-mail: [email protected]
        Related Website
            Kurdistan Workers Party
            Kurdish Information Network
            Terrorist Group Profiles
        Monitored
            Sep 97: 1400-1545*  6205 kHz  (BBCM via DXW 80)
            Feb 98: 1400-1545  6215 kHz  (Martin, OZ via CDX 178)
            Oct 98: *1600-1630+  4170 kHz  (Zeidan-Egypt via CDX 212)

    Voice of Iranian Kurdistan 
        Organization: Kurdish Democratic Party of Iran, backed by Iraq
        Broadcasts from: Iraq at one point, then Iranian Kurdistan.
        Languages: Kurdish
        Idenitification: (Kurdish) Aira dangi Kurdistan Irana
                              (Persian) Seda-ye Kordestan-e Iran
        Active Since: June 1973 - March 1975 after Iran-Iraq treaty.
            October 13, 1980-present
        Contact Address
            KDPI, c/o AFK, Boite Postale 102, F-75623 Paris Cedex, France
        Related Website
            Kurdistan Web Report on Voice of Iranian Kurdistan
        Monitored
            Oct 97: 0330-0430, 1400-1500  3940-4200v kHz   (BBCM via CDX 158)
            Dec 97: 0330+  4150 kHz  (Johnson, FL via Cumbre 169)
            Mar 98:  1633+  4180 kHz  (Wilfor, GER via DXW 105)
            Apr 98: 0315-0330+  4150 kHz  (Johnson, FL via CDX 184)
            Jun 98:  *0300-0400*  4150 kHz  (Henderson-Turkey via NU 1477)
            Oct 98:  *0327-0430*  4010, 4150 kHz
                          *1527-1657*  4010, 4150 kHz  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 389)
            Nov 98:  1520-1630+  4085 kHz  (Krone-Denmark via DXW 139 &
                                                                    Fransson-Sweden via CRW 17)

    Voice of Iraqi Kurdistan 
 
        Organization: Kurdish Democratic Party (KDP), headed by Massoud Barzani
        Broadcasts from: Based in Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
        Languages: Kurdish
        Identification: (Kurdish) Aira dangi Kurdistana Iraqiyah
                                (Arabic) Sawt-o Kurdistani Iraqa
        Active Since: September 10, 1965 - May 25, 1966
            November 1968 - March 24, 1970 when ceasfire signed with Iraqi government.
            March 1974 - March 6, 1975 after Iran-Iraq peace treaty & Iran cut funds to the KDP.
            1978-1978
            1980-present when Iran-Iraq war resumed.
        Contact Address
            KDP, 2025 I St, NW # 1108, Washington, DC 20006, USA
                Tel: +(202) 331 9505   Fax: +(202) 331 9506
            KDP Press Office, PO Box 4912, London SE15 4EW, UK
                Tel +44-171-931-7764   Fax +44-171-931-7765
            Alex Atroushi, e-mail: [email protected]
            Voice of Iraqi Kurdistan e-mail
            Voice of Iraqi Kurdistan e-mail
        Related Website
            KDP Homepage
            Voice of Iraqi Kurdistan Homepage Not much here yet
            KDP Information Department Activities Lists  Radio & TV operations
            Kurdistan Web Report on Voice of Iraqi Kurdistan
            "The Kurdish Hero: Mustafa Barzani"
        Monitored
            Apr 98:  0320-0330+  4170 kHz  (Johnson, FL via CDX 184)
                         1650-1900  4085 kHz  (Krone, DEN via DXW 112)
            May 98: 1650+  4085 kHz (Willfoer-Finland via CRW 4)
            Jun 98:  1710-1820  4085 kHz  (Vaghjee-Mauritius via CRW 5)
                         1905-1928* 4085 kHz (Serra-Italy via TFW62)
            Sep 98: 2002-2052* 4059.6v kHz  (Kuhl-GER via NU 1492)
            Oct 98: 1628-1703  4060v kHz
                         1915-1921  4085 kHz (Serra-Italy via TFW 69 via CRW 15)
            Nov 98: *0345-0630*  4085 kHz
                          *1445-1600*  4085 kHz  Sun
                          *1545-1700*  4085 kHz  Thu, Sat
                          *1645-1930*  4085 kHz
                          *1745-2100*  4085 kHz  Thu, Sat, Sun  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 389)
                           0347-0352+  4061.6v kHz  (Krueger-USA via NU 1500)
                           1700+  4060 kHz  (Probi-Italy via CDX 217)
                           1940-2007*  4060 kHz  (Szucs-Hungary via CDX 217)
            Dec 98:   *0345-0600*  4085 kHz
                            *1600-1830*  4085 kHz (BBCM via NU 1506)
                            *0347+  4085.1 kHz  (Henderson-France via NU 1504)
                             1700+  4085 kHz  (Gehrig-Spain via ADXB-OE via CRW 19)

    Voice of Islam / Voice of Islamic Movement in Iraqi Kurdistan 
        Organization: Islamic Movement in Iraqi Kurdistan
        Broadcasts from: Iran, possibly
        Languages: Kurdish, Arabic
        Identification: (Arabic) Sawt al-Islam, Sawt al-Harakah al-Islamiyah fi Kurdistan al-Iraq
        Active Since: January 2, 1994
        Contact Address
        Related Website
            Kurdistan Web Report on Voice of Islamic Movement in Iraqi Kurdistan
        Monitored
            Apr 97: 1600-1650  4135, 4400, 6305 kHz  (BBCM via BCDX via Cumbre 133)
            Jan 98:  1800+  4130 kHz  (Liangas, GRE via Kropf, GER via Johnson, FL)
            May 98: 1650-1933*  4135 kHz (Willfoer-Finland via CRW 4)
            Jul 98:  1645-1702*  6304.8 kHz  (Fathi-Egypt via CDX 195)

    Voice of the People of Kurdistan 
  
        Organization: Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), headed by Jalal Talabani. Backed by U.S. &
                Iran during various times.
        Broadcasts from: Sulaymaniyah, Iraq bewteen Oct 92 & Sep 96
        Languages: Kurdish, Arabic
        Identification: (Kurdish) Aira dangi Gelli Kurdistana
                             (Arabic) Huna idha'at sawt sha'b al-Kurdistan, sawt al_Ittihadi al-Watani al-Kurdistan
        Active Since: Oct 23, 1988. Merged with Iraqi Kurdistan Radio (Kurdish Socialist Party) in Feb 93.
        Contact Address
            PUK Representative Office Phone:
                UK: 44-181-642-4518
                        Fax: 44-181-64-4514
                France: 33-1-3916-0473
                Germany: 49-30-344-8738
                Turkey: 90-312-440-2199
            PUK Canada e-mail: [email protected]
            PUK Germany e-mail: [email protected]
            PUK Russia e-mail: [email protected]
            PUK Australia e-mail: [email protected]
        Related Website
            Voice of the People of Kurdistan
            Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
            PUK Canada
            PUK Germany
            PUK Russia
            PUK Australia
            Kurdistan Web Report on Voice of the People of Kurdistan
        Monitored
            Apr 98:  0300+  4070.1 kHz  (Johnson, FL via CDX 184)
                         0300+  4095 kHz  (Mohrmann, VT via NU 1480)
                         1600-1800*  4060 kHz  (Krone, DEN via DXW 112)
            May 98: 1700-1800  4060.5 kHz (Fransson-Sweden via CRW 4)
            Jun 98:  1940+  4060 kHz  (Henderson-Turkey via NU 1477)
                         1941+  4060 kHz  (Serra-Italy via TFW 62)
            Jul 98:   1745-1813*  4060 kHz  (Korinek-South Africa via NU 1480)
                        1906-1917+  4060 kHz  (Liangas-Greece)
            Aug 98: 0200-0500  4060v kHz
                         1130-1330  6015-6030v kHz
                         1445-1800  4060v kHz  (BBCM via NU 1489)
                         1855-1928*  4120 kHz  (Vaghjee-Mauritius via NU 1486)
            Sep 98: 1501-1830* 6010,2 kHz
                         1530-1700   4060 kHz  (Timofeyev-Russia via DXW 131)
            Oct 98: *0335-0630*  4060, 6010 kHz
                         *1335-1730*  4060, 6010 kHz
                         *2035-2150*  4060, 6010 kHz  (Pankov-Bulgaria via BCDX 389)
            Dec 98: 0342+  4061.8 kHz  (Henderson-France via NU 1504)
                          0425-0435  4060 kHz  (Roth-Europe via DXW 142)


Palestine

    Al-Quds Palestinian Arab Radio
        Organization: PFLP GC (Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command)
                Against Yassir Arafat
        Broadcasts from: Syria with 10 kW
        Languages: Arabic
        Identification: (Arabic) Al Quds, al Idha'ah al Arabiyah al Filastiniyah ala Tariq Tahrir al Ard
                wa al Insan
        Active Since: January 1, 1988.  Used SW frequencies in the past: 4320, 5910, 5990, 7460
                and 15050 kHz
        Contact Address
            P.O.Box 5092, Damascus, Syria
            Palestinian Arab Broadcasting, P.O.Box 10412, Tripoli, Libya
            al-Ghubayarah, P.O.Box 25-74, Beirut, Lebanon
            P.O.Box 1397, Aden, Yemen
            P.O.Box 6170, Aden, Yemen
        Related Website
            Palestinian Information Center
            Naval Postgraduate School Terrorist Information Center Profile
        Monitored
            Dec 97: 0600-1500  702, 630 kHz  (BBCM via BCDX 340)
            Feb 98:  0600-1500  702, 630 kHz  (BBCM via BCDX 352)