

         NEWFOUNDLAND DXPEDITION: NOVEMBER 1991

     [subtitled "So Much DX, So Little Time" or
     "Neil, Jean, & Mark's Excellent Adventure"]

     Article by Mark Connelly - WA1ION
     DX by Neil Kazaross, Jean Burnell, and Mark Connelly

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

     During the summer of 1991, I started making plans for a DXpedition
about which I had long fantasized.  The trip would be to a location near
the Signal Hill site in Newfoundland from which Guglielmo Marconi had
established his first Trans-Atlantic wireless communication 90 years
earlier.  Hearing Trans-Atlantic (TA) stations would again be the goal,
this time on Medium Wave.  Neil Kazaross got interested in the project
right from the start and said he was psyched about getting involved,
despite the long journey he'd have to take from his California home.
He said it would give him an opportunity to hear TA, Brazilian, and
Caribbean DX that he hadn't heard since his East Coast DX glory days
in Ogunquit, Maine circa 1984-1985.  I circulated a memo among several
DXers that specialize in logging foreign stations.  Through Nick
Hall-Patch, I was informed that there was an active DXer right in St.
John's: Dr. Jean Burnell.  He teaches chemistry at Memorial University;
he knows the shortwave bands thoroughly as well as having done quite a
bit of medium-wave listening.  Nick said that Jean's loggings, including
such "goodies" as Iraq-1360 (before it got blown up), have appeared in
the CIDX Messenger.  Jean was contacted and he said that he was glad to
participate.  I knew that this local support would help the effort
greatly.  Dates of 7 NOV through 10 NOV 1991 were set for the DXpedition.
After I did a bit of map study, I concluded that the area around Renews
and Cappahayden (about 50 miles south of Marconi's site in St. John's)
would be ideal because it would be far enough from St. John's local
AM'ers (that, of course, didn't exist in 1901) to provide good DXing
opportunities.  With significant land blockage towards US & Canadian
stations to the west and waterpaths to desired Europeans, Africans,
and South Americans, a better site could hardly be imagined.  Going
farther south to Cape Race would have reduced westward blockage and
increased QRM from a pesty LORAN station at Trepassey.  Besides Neil
Kazaross and Jean Burnell, Richard Eckman and Karl Zuk had initially
indicated interest in joining the DXpedition, but family and work
situations made them cancel out shortly before the scheduled date.
 



Day 1: Thursday - 7 NOV 1991

     Neil arrived in St. John's in the early afternoon, met Jean Burnell,
and was driven out to a DX site near the lighthouse in Renews, NF about
5 miles from the Lawlor's (bed & breakfast) Hospitality Home in
Cappahayden: the lodging place that became the DX Inn.  Neil and Jean
quickly set up a 1275-ft. Beverage at the Renews site; the wire was
oriented at a bearing of about 110 degrees to provide good coverage of
most of Africa and southern Europe.  My mini-DXpedition to Rockport, MA
a one-month solar cycle earlier pointed strongly to the fact that
conditions were going to be auroral: Africans, South Americans, and
Caribbean stations had predominated at that time.  Predictions turned
out to be quite true: well before sunset on the 7th, Neil and Jean were
logging Africans from the Renews site at a fast and furious pace on
Neil's Icom R70 and Jean's Icom R71A running on car battery power.

     I arrived in St. John's around sundown.  When I got my rental car
at the airport, I immediately checked the car radio and found Guinea-1404
loud and clear on both 1400 and 1410 on its DXer-unfriendly 10-kHz-
channelized dial.  It took little time to find other signals such as
Mauritania-1349 and Canaries-1008.  Conditions were decidedly good to
Africa, Spain, and Portugal (but poor to northern Europe).  I drove out
to the DX Inn in Cappahayden and arrived at about 7 PM NST (2230 GMT).
After a quick unpacking, I set up the Sony ICF-2010 and my homebrew RTL-1
loop in the room.  The TA's I was getting "knocked my socks off" !
Generally TA's were louder than any domestics except Marystown on 740 and
St. John's on 590, 640, 800, and 930.  The only US stations heard were from
Boston and New York City !  After about an hour of this, I drove out to the
Renews site to rendezvous with Neil and Jean.  I had been impressed with what
I was getting at the inn with the loop, but the stuff they were getting
on the Beverage put that in the dust !  All kinds of Africans were
blasting in, as the logs to follow will indicate.  As it was now well
after dark, Brazilians were starting to show, especially the big guns
in the northeast corner from cities such as Fortaleza and Natal.  But
the Brazilians heard that night were just a mere foretaste of what we'd
be getting the next night.  By about midnight local, things started
winding down on the Africa route and we all knew that there'd be a lot
of antenna work to do the next day so we retired to the DX Inn to review
the loggings and turn in for the typical 4 to 6 hours of sleep.

Day 2: Friday - 8 NOV 1991

     Morning came with temperatures a bit above freezing, a heavy
overcast, and occasional drizzle.  An agenda was laid out: find somewhere
to eat, discuss DX strategy, string out a "monster" Brazil-gettin' Beverage
(of about 3000 ft. at about 160 degrees) at a field along the shore at the
DX Inn, run a 400-footer for Europe at the Inn, add a second Beverage
(about 1000 ft. at 130 degrees - pointed closer to the "gap" between
 



Africa and Brazil) at the Renews site, and see what the limits of daytime
groundwave reception were.  The only eating place was a Mom & Pop
operation over in Fermeuse.  It was not "haute cuisine" but it filled
the bill.  The three of us were the only customers each time we went
there. The economy of this fishing area is not healthy these days.
Over our meal that day (we only ate one real meal a day), we went over
strategy and Neil distributed an African "hit list" to use that afternoon.
The antennas were deployed as planned; in some cases we used Neil's method
of terminating by using a 560-ohm resistor followed by 250 ft. more wire
instead of the customary ground rods.  Groundwave scanning around noon was
interesting indeed: the TA groundwave DOES EXIST !!  Good audio was had
from Azores on 693 and numerous BFO-detectable carriers were heard around
midday; these included Morocco-1044, Portugal-1035, and something on 828.
Going the other way, WHDH-850 had good groundwave from Boston (it was the
strongest US station); other US stations heard were WBZ-1030 (MA),
WSSH-1510 (MA), and WCBS-880 (NY).  The farthest Canadian heard on
groundwave was a weak CBF-690 from Montreal.  Weak-signal daytime
reception was somewhat hampered, especially at the DX Inn site in
Cappahayden, by actually-radiated (not receiver-generated) spurs from
the LORAN station in Trepassey.  These "tick-tick-ticks" chewed up
things a bit on the low end of the dial.  My attempt at Bermuda-1160
groundwave produced two (co-channel) weak carriers with a 2 Hz beat
(SAH); these were probably Bermuda and Maine, but there wasn't enough
audio to tell.  In the early evening, we all DX'ed at the Renews site.
It "hummed" for Africans with Central African Republic - 1440 in at
2000 GMT along with many others as noted in the logs. The 130-degree
Beverage proved useful as the evening wore on, reeling in Radio Carve
(Uruguay) - 850, Argentina-870, and numerous Brazilians around 2300 GMT.
Deep Africans were sometimes better on that wire too, as it nulled strong
Spain and Portugal QRM better than the 110-degree Beverage did.  The native
music coming out of some of the African stations was so good that I was
tempted to party to the tunes instead of DXing, but I managed to resist the
temptation most of the time and press on with the quest for new catches.

     By around 9 PM NST (0030 GMT), the Renews site was getting less
productive to Africa, so we went back to Cappahayden to concentrate on South
America.  It was determined that the DX Inn 3000-ft. Beverage would have
to be run to a car because a noise source not noted previously had cropped
up in the electrical wiring of the inn.  Even with the Beverage, the noise
inside the rooms where we'd hoped to set up a warm well-lighted operating
position was excessive, so we parked about 100 feet away from the building.
A trend was emerging: we were spotting many Brazilians on channels above
1220 kHz that, according to WRTH data, are "graveyarders" running 250
watts night power!  The excitement of hearing 250-watt Brazilians on
channels like 1560 and 1590 got to be contagious; we all dug into
this effort well into the wee hours of the next morning.  In the midst
of this bacchanal of Brazilians, Karl Zuk called us from New York to
 



find out how things were going.  Outside the inn, in the night air that
was now well below freezing, we all took turns on the innkeeper family's
cordless phone describing the DX feast we'd all been enjoying.  Karl said
that it was indeed quite auroral and that Venezuelans and Colombians were
much in evidence at his QTH.  [News reports heard a few days later
indicated that, had it not been cloudy that night, we would have had
a great view of the Northern Lights.]

Day 3: Saturday - 9 NOV 1991

     A sizable collection of taped ID's had been amassed from the
Brazilian graveyarders.  We took a quick break to analyze them.  We
sometimes found that Brazilian Indian names like "Piracuruca" were hard to
tell apart after being shoved through a reverb unit, a 250-watt transmitter,
and across 3000+ miles of ocean with more than a few thunderstorms somewhere
in between.  After the sometimes-fun, sometimes-frustrating ID attempts,
we went out to dig for more.  Just before local dawn that Saturday, our
attention turned from Brazil to the Caribbean and to other South Americans.
French Guiana-1070 and Guyana-760 were coming in just fine.  Most of the
Islands broadcasters were logged, including an astoundingly local-like
St. Lucia on 660 at their sign-on.  The clouds broke a bit at dawn and
the sunrise was accompanied by an inrush of Jamaican, Cuban, and USA
(still just Boston and NYC, however) stations that had been heretofore
blanketed by Brazil and Venezuela.  With my head spinning in amazement
from the non-stop loggings of the last 18 hours, I (and the rest of the
crew) called it off for a quick 5-hour snooze.  As I nodded off around
8 AM NST, crazy echoey ID's reverberated through my brain that had been
"zorched" by a combination of excitement and lack of sleep.  It reminded
me of when I had operated ham radio events of comparably high intensity:
ARRL DX Contests, Sweepstakes, and Field Day.  Also I was reminded
of the fanatical round-the-clock computer programmers in Steven Levy's
book, "Hackers".

     The last night was a bit more relaxed.  A plan evolved to split up
to DX from both sites simultaneously from just before sunset through
the early evening.  Neil manned the BrazilBev at the inn while Jean and I
were running Africans from the two-Beverage site in Renews.  Jean and I were
wailing on Africans: Lesotho - 1197 (a new BBC African relay station),
logged at 1955 Z, was a prize catch because it was the most distant station
heard (at approximately 7265 miles / 11692 km).  This is farther away than
most of China, Japan, Tibet, and India !  Neil was simultaneously racking
up many Brazilians and more than a few Africans on the 3000-footer in
Cappahayden.  The 400 ft. European wire at that site saw little use: a deep
aurora was in progress, so many Europeans were poorer than they sometimes are
noted in the Boston area, more than 700 miles farther away.  Thoughts of
logging India, Iraq, and Iceland were shelved: even the usual Norway-1314
 



megablaster was scarcely noticed.  Conditions improved slightly towards
Europe at the end but still the only really consistent Middle East signal
was from the Saudi on 1521, a station that comes close to having worldwide
medium-wave coverage, at least for DXers.  After a while, Jean and I left
Renews and joined Neil back at the DX Inn.  The BrazilBev at the inn netted
a few new ones, but static from tropical thunderstorms had gotten worse.
We took a break, listened to tapes, and had a few beers for the first time
on this trip.  Up to this point we had all been in "hyperdrive" and hadn't
drunk anything stronger than tea.  It was good to unwind.  My flight out the
next day was early, so I headed to bed around local midnight.  Neil and Jean
went out to the car and logged a few more Brazilians on the 3000-ft.
BrazilBev, but soon gave up: static had gotten much worse.

Day 4: Sunday - 10 NOV 1991

     Around 5:30 AM NST, I said my goodbyes and drove to St. John's to
get my flight to Boston via Halifax.  Neil and Jean took down the
Beverages before Neil had to get to his flight late that morning.

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
The Newfoundland DXpedition Logbook

DXers: Dr. Jean Burnell (of St. John's, NF), Mark Connelly (of
       Billerica, MA), Neil Kazaross (of Mill Valley, CA)

Main Receivers: Icom R70, Icom R71A
Back-up / Parallel-Check Receiver: Sony ICF-2010

Antennas: <C> = Cappahayden,NF (DX Inn): 3000 ft. (914m.) Beverage at 160
                degrees (Brazil); 400 ft. (122m.) at 70 degrees (Europe)
         <CL> = Cappahayden,NF (DX Inn): RTL-1 Loop w/ MWT-2 Option 5

          <R> = Renews, NF (near lighthouse): 1275 ft. (389m.) Beverage at
                110 degrees (North/East Africa, Iberian peninsula); 1000 ft.
                (305m.) Beverage at 130 degrees (South/West Africa,
                eastern tip of Brazil)

Accessories: phasing units (MWDX-3, MWDX-5); MWT-2 regenerative
             tuner-preamplifier

Days listed are NOV 1991 - Times are GMT/UTC.
 
Trans-Atlantic DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
   531   | 07 | 2334 |SPAIN - good w/ SS talk by m&f, R. Nacional
                     |Espana ID, o/ other (prob. Algeria)                 <CL>
   549   | 07 | 2336 |ALGERIA Les Trembles - f AA vocal - XLNT            <CL>
   558   | 07 | 2336 |unID - carrier in NF-560 slop                       <CL>
   567   | 07 | 2336 |unID - carrier in NF-560 slop                       <CL>
   576   | 07 | 2337 |SPAIN Tarragona - SS m talk // 585, fair            <CL>
   585   | 07 | 2337 |SPAIN Madrid - good w/ SS m // 576
   594   | 07 | 2340 |PORTUGAL Muge - cl. mx (R. Renascenca // 963)
                     |poor, in VOCM-590 slop                              <CL>
   603   | 07 | 2342 |SPAIN Sevilla - fast SS talk                        <CL>
   603   | 08 | 0234 |SPAIN Sevilla - XLNT w/ SS talk                     <R>
   612   | 07 | 2344 |MOROCCO Sebaa Aioun - AA m chant, LIKE A LOCAL      <CL>
   621   | 07 | 2345 |CANARY ISLANDS Santa Cruz - SS m, o/ fast SAH       <CL>
   630   | 07 | 2349 |PORTUGAL Santa Isabel - jazz // 666, in jumble
                     |w/ CFCY                                             <CL>
   639   | 07 | 2346 |SPAIN La Coruna et al - SS m&f in CBN-640 slop      <CL>
   648   | 07 | 2347 |LIBYA Tobruk (t) - dominant w/ AA chanting          <CL>
   656   | 09 | 2033 |unID - interesting old-plan channel carrier,
                     |possible snatches of audio                          <R>
   657   | 07 | 2348 |MOROCCO (t) - AA f vocal, o/ unID                   <CL>
   657   | 08 | 2114 |unID (NIGERIA or SOUTH AFRICA) - southern African
                     |language noted poor; Spain phased                   <R>
   657   | 09 | 2022 |SPAIN Madrid - RNE R. 5 - good w/SS 'futbol'        <R>
   666   | 07 | 2349 |PORTUGAL Lisboa - jazz & blues // 630;
                     |good o/ unID                                        <CL>
   666   | 08 | 0213 |ALGERIA Tindouf fair atop SAH from normal-dominant
                     |Portugal w/AA // 549 etc.                           <R>
   675   | 07 | 2352 |FRANCE Marseille - US pop mx // 1071                <CL>
   684   | 07 | 2353 |SPAIN Sevilla - m SS teletalk - LIKE A LOCAL        <CL>
   684   | 08 | 0208 |SPAIN Sevilla - SS // 702, 720, 747                 <R>
   693   | 07 | 2357 |AZORES/unID- Santa Barbara,Terceira w/f PP talk o/AA<CL>
   693   | 09 | 1400+|AZORES Terceira groundwave noted consistently when
                     |checked 1400-1600 Z on loop w/ICF-2010 rx. from
                     |room in Cappahayden.  Weak (QRM'ed by Trepassey LORAN
                     |harmonics) on Bev in Renews at 1658 Z on 09 NOV: m PP
                     |talk.  Audible anytime when checked - TA groundwave (!!)
                     |10 kW at >1200 miles.  Massive at night.  Other TA
                     |sig's noted noon/early afternoon: 774, 819, 828, 836,
                     |837, 1035, 1044, 1053, 1566                      <CL/R>
 
Trans-Atlantic DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
   702   | 07 | 2355 |MOROCCO Sebaa Aioun - a cappella AA chant // 612    <CL>
   702   | 08 | 0208 |SPAIN Zamora - SS // 684, 720, 747                  <R>
   711   | 07 | 2358 |MOROCCO Laayoune - AA m all excited about
                     |something - shouting, bits of interspersed
                     |violin, het from CKVO-710                           <CL>
   720   | 08 | 0003 |PORTUGAL/CANARY ISLANDS/CANADA - PP talk mixed w/
                     |SS talk & CHTN.                                     <CL>
   720   | 08 | 0208 |CANARY ISLANDS - SS // 684, 702, 747                <R>
   729   | 08 | 0005 |SPAIN synchros. - SS o/ others                      <CL>
   746   | 08 | 0205 |unID (Kenya ?) - het against 747                    <R>
   747   | 08 | 0007 |CANARY ISLANDS Las Palmas - SS m&f, then opera      <CL>
   747   | 08 | 0208 |CANARY ISLANDS Las Palmas - SS // 684, 702, 720     <R>
   747   | 08 | 2305 |CANARY ISLANDS - SS talk                            <R>
   747   | 09 | 2024 |CANARY ISLANDS/SPAIN - RNE R. 5 Las Palmas & Cadiz;
                     |fair (in QRM) w/ SS 'futbol' // 657                 <R>
   747   | 09 | 2027 |BURKINA FASO Ouagadougou - RTV Burkina: African drums
                     |& flute mx, poor u/ RNE but definitely // 4815      <R>
   756   | 08 | 0007 |unID - carrier jumble                               <CL>
   765   | 08 | 0008 |SENEGAL Dakar - Afro vernacular talk; LOUD          <CL>
   774   | 08 | 0009 |SPAIN synchros. - f SS talk, soft guitar mx; LOUD   <CL>
   774   | 09 | 2031 |SPAIN - RNE R. 1 synchros, m SS talk fair.  Had echo
                     |sound typical of many Spanish synchros.             <R>
   774   | 09 | 2033 |MOROCCO Agadir - RTM (C) poor to fair w/AA-based
                     |f talk (pres. Berber), then AA mx; // 702.          <R>
   782   | 09 | 2037 |unID - het, probably Lichinga, Mozambique           <R>
   783   | 08 | 0010 |PORTUGAL Miramar (t) - OC                           <CL>
   783   | 09 | 2037 |PORTUGAL Miramar - f PP talk, then rock mx; poor    <R>
   792   | 08 | 0012 |SPAIN - SS rock, SS m talk                          <CL>
   792   | 09 | 1923 |SPAIN - fair w/ SS 'futbol' event //900, 1584, others<C>
   801   | 08 | 0013 |unID - het against VOWR-800                         <CL>
   801   | 08 | 0416 |SPAIN Lugo et al - good w/ SS pgm // 855            <R>
   810   | 07 | 2148 |SPAIN/BRAZIL - Spain SS pgm o/Fortaleza, Brazil PP. <R>
   818   | 07 | 2147 |ZAMBIA Lusaka - good to very good w/ African mx // 4920.
                     |This explains 818 hets frequently noted at New England
                     |beach DX sites.                                     <R>
   818   | 09 | 2040 |unID African - weak African mx w/ lots of drums, choir
                     |at 2045 Z, m said a couple of words in unID lang.,
                     |QRM from Rabat, Morocco - 819.                      <R>
   819   | 08 | 0014 |MOROCCO Rabat - f AA vocal, het fr. unID-818.8      <CL>
   819   | 08 | 0248 |EGYPT Batra w/ AA chant u/Morocco AA talk           <R>
   828   | 07 | 2116 |PORTUGAL - PP talk // other net stn's               <R>
   828   | 08 | 0015 |PORTUGAL Santa Isabel - PP talk, fair o/ mess       <CL>
   828   | 08 | 0420 |LIBYA Sebha - Koran recitation // 1053, 1251        <R>
   836   | 08 | 0016 |AZORES Barossa - station noted by Burnell (@ St.
                     |John's, NF) & Connelly (@ Rockport, MA) on 837
                     |recently has moved back to 836.                     <CL>
   836   | 08 | 0243 |AZORES Barossa - PP // 693; QRM'ed by Canaries-837  <R>
   837   | 08 | 0016 |CANARY ISLANDS/SPAIN - SS m talk w/ echo due to
                     |(presumed) satellite delay on feed                  <CL>
   837   | 08 | 0242 |SPAIN Sevilla et al - SS under // Canaries stn      <R>
   846   | 08 | 0017 |ITALY Rome - fair to good w/ II vocal               <CL>
 
Trans-Atlantic DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
   855   | 08 | 0023 |SPAIN Murcia - m&f in SS, somewhat muffled          <CL>
   872   | 07 | 2135 |MOZAMBIQUE Beira - noted here w/m PP talk then light
                     |(calypso-like) African inst. mx.  Taped.  Fair w/ some
                     |873 Spain QRM.  Pgm. similar to that heard on SW and
                     |like 872 heard weakly by Kaz from ME in the past.   <R>
   882   | 07 | 2112 |CANARY ISLANDS - R. Popular de Tenerife ID, XLNT    <R>
   882   | 08 | 2244 |CANARY ISLANDS - f SS talk                          <R>
   891   | .. | .... |ALGERIA Algiers often good w/ AA                    <R>
   900   | 09 | 1923 |SPAIN - fair w/ SS 'futbol' event // many others.   <C>
   900   | 09 | 1930 |ITALY Milan - II pgm showed up to QRM Spain.        <C>
   909   | 07 | 2058 |NIGERIA Abuja - in & out w/ QRM from England, Spain, &
                     |possibly another African stn.  African mx, then talk
                     |in an African lang., & some Afro-accented EE
                     |announcements.  S/off at 2202 w/ same dedication &
                     |anthem heard on other Nigerian stn's.               <R>
   909   | 08 | 2049 |BALEARIC ISLANDS - SS f (R. 5 Mallorca) // 1107     <R>
   909   | 08 | 2201 |NIGERIA Abuja - anthem, then s/off; GOOD !  Taped.  <R>
   909   | 09 | 2050 |unID (prob. Nigeria) - Afro. mx; RNE phased         <R>
   909.8 | 09 | 2051 |GAMBIA - R. Syd noted from 2051-2102 Z; tough to copy.
                     |M announcer in unID lang., reggae mx, talk at 2056-2058
                     |w/ 3 or more Gambia mentions, more reggae, drums at
                     |2100, then possible news.                           <R>
   918   | 07 | 2248 |NIGERIA Ikeja or Makurdi - o/unID AA stn.  Afro-EE song
                     |mentioning Nigeria.                                 <R>
   918   | 07 | 2300 |SPAIN/NIGERIA - R. Internacional in Madrid w/ SS; atop
                     |Nigerian.                                           <R>
   918   | 08 | 2157 |SPAIN Madrid - m SS talk, o/ others                 <R>
   936   | 08 | 2156 |MOROCCO Agadir - poor w/AA m vocal                  <R>
   945   | 07 | 2109 |ANGOLA (t) - PP talk o/France - fair to good.  African
                     |mx noted later.  Was NOT // 1088.                   <R>
   945   | 07 | 2205 |FRANCE - SS talk.                                   <R>
   954   | 08 | 2149 |SPAIN Madrid - SS talk                              <R>
   963   | 08 | 0253 |PORTUGAL Seixal - PP religion // 594                <R>
   963   | 08 | 2134 |PORTUGAL Seixal - soft PP vocal                     <R>
   972   | 08 | 0400 |SPAIN Monforte de Lemos - (listed 2kW) - weak in NF-970
                     |slop; SS // 855                                     <R>
   981   | 08 | 2033 |ALGERIA/PORTUGAL - m AA talk way o/ PP f talk       <R>
   981   | 08 | 2133 |ALGERIA Algiers - AA vocal LOUD                     <R>
   990   | 07 | 2100 |SPAIN / unID Africans - 2 Africans noted here mixed w/
                     |Spain.  One had Afro-AA language and the other a more
                     |"traditional" African language.  Perhaps Nigerians
                     |and/or Gabon (not noted on 989).                    <R>
   990   | 08 | 2130 |SPAIN/others - pips, R. Cadena SER ID atop a
                     |melange including AA (unID), EE (CBY), and a
                     |Brazilian in PP.                                    <R>
   990   | 09 | 2103 |SPANISH MOROCCO/SPAIN - R. Ceuta & R. Bilbao.  Running
                     |// SER talk; then separate ad strings (QRMing each
                     |other; both at similar strength on 130 deg. Bev).   <R>
   999   | 08 | 2128 |MOROCCO Ad-Dakhla - AA talk                         <R>
   999   | 08 | 2249 |MOROCCO Ad-Dakhla very good w/ AA // 1044           <R>
   999   | 09 | 1926 |MOROCCO Ad-Dakhla - m AA talk o/ Spain; fair        <R>
 
Trans-Atlantic DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
  1008   | 08 | 0356 |CANARY ISLANDS/SPAIN - Las Palmas absolutely LOCAL-LIKE;
                     |way o/ SER Spaniard who was // 1584                 <R>
  1008   | 08 | 2127 |CANARY ISLANDS Las Palmas - m&f SS talk; LOCAL-LIKE <R>
  1008   | 09 | 2011 |CANARY ISLANDS/SPAIN - Las Palmas & Vigo - SS 'futbol',
                     |SER net                                             <R>
  1017   | 08 | 0352 |SPAIN (RNE5) good w/ SS // 1107                     <R>
  1026   | 08 | 1910 |MOROCCO Rabat - This 1kW'er noted w/ mx // 1188, 1197,
                     |1325.  Was u/ Spain.                                <R>
  1026   | 08 | 2127 |SPAIN Reus et al - SS talk, good                    <R>
  1035   | 08 | 2123 |PORTUGAL Lisboa - f PP talk, o/ low-pitched het     <R>
  1044   | 08 | 0418 |SPAIN San Sebastian fair w/ SS; Morocco off         <R>
  1044   | 08 | 2249 |MOROCCO Sebaa Aioun LIKE LOCAL w/ AA // 999         <R>
  1044   | 09 | 1708 |MOROCCO Sebaa Aioun poor on groundwave (or groundwave
                     |w/ residual winter-type day skip) at 1:38 PM local
                     |time!  AA mx discernable.  Stn is local-like nights.<R>
  1053   | 08 | 0339 |SPAIN - SS good w/ Morocco off at the time          <R>
  1053   | 08 | 0420 |LIBYA Tripoli - Koran recitation // 828, 1251       <R>
  1062   | .. | .... |PORTUGAL - often good here                          <R>
  1071   | 07 | 2352 |FRANCE Lille - US pop mx // 675                     <CL>
  1080   | 07 | 2235 |MOROCCO Casablanca good w/ AA chants // 1044 & 1053.
                     |Xlnt also around 2330, burying SER Net Spaniards.
                     |This would be a good coastal New England target at
                     |sunset w/ WTIC phased.                              <R>
  1080   | 08 | 2251 |MOROCCO/BRAZIL - Casablanca (1 kW !) dominant
                     |w/ AA mx // 1044, atop PP talk.  Heard on 110
                     |deg. Beverage near Renews lighthouse.               <R>
  1088   | 07 | 2110 |ANGOLA Luanda poor w/ mx.                           <R>
  1088   | 07 | 2355 |ANGOLA Luanda - good // 1367.  Mx, then PP talk.    <R>
  1106   | 09 | 1952 |unID - probably an African, but not // 4795 (Douala)<R>
  1107   | 08 | 0352 |SPAIN - SS XLNT w/ SS // 1017 et al                 <R>
  1107   | 09 | 1945 |SPAIN - RNE R. 5 synchros - solid w/ SS 'futbol'    <R>
  1115   | 07 | 2210 |ANGOLA M'Banza-Kongo fair to good w/ little Spain-1116
                     |QRM.  PP talk - possible sporting event - w/ two
                     |mentions of R. Nacional de Angola.                  <R>
  1116   | 08 | 0045 |SPAIN - R. Pontevedra mention by SS f announcer     <R>
  1116   | 09 | 1941 |SPAIN - R. Pontevedra -SER net w/Real Madrid 'futbol'<R>
  1125   | 08 | 2201 |unID (NIGER ?) - anthem, s/off o/u Spain.           <R>
  1125   | 09 | 1935 |NIGER (t) - Niamey strongly suspected here, good w/
                     |primitive African mx                                <R>
  1125   | 09 | 2156 |NIGER (t) - fair w/ Afro mx o/u RNE; no announcements
                     |at 2200.  SW 5020 kHz not audible for determining //.<R>
  1134   | .. | .... |SPAIN - commonly heard                              <R>
  1152   | 07 | 2127 |CAMEROON Bamenda - very good (way o/ Spain) - Afro mx.,
                     |then Bamenda clearly mentioned in Afro lang.        <R>
  1152   | 09 | 0008 |SPAIN - SS talk                                     <R>
  1160   | 07 | 2126 |unID (BRAZIL or ANGOLA) - PP noted w/ 1161 het notched;
                     |poor in QRN.                                        <R>
  1161   | 08 | 2042 |FRANCE/unID - m&f in FF o/ cl. vocal - opera        <R>
  1169   | 07 | 2224 |unID het, likely of African origin.                 <R>
  1170   | 07 | 2120 |unID (PORTUGAL?) - instrumental jazz, very good.    <R>
  1170   | 08 | 0403 |PORTUGAL Vila Real - fair w/ R. Comercial ID //1062.<R>
 
Trans-Atlantic DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
  1170   | 07 | 2225 |NIGERIA Abeokuta had Afro-accented EE talk w/
                     |Nigeria mentions.  It was way o/ a classical mx stn.
                     |that was likely USSR.  Taped s/off 2300-2302 w/
                     |dedication "God Bless Nigeria, My Country" - XLNT!! <R>
  1170   | 07 | 2300 |NIGERIA Abeokuta - XLNT: s/off taped                <R>
  1170   | 08 | 2005 |NIGERIA Abeokuta - African vernacular talk          <R>
  1170   | 08 | 2047 |NIGERIA Abeokuta - African-accented EE talk, hymn   <R>
  1178.9 | 09 | 0006 |SPAIN - m SS talk, good                             <R>
  1179   | 08 | 2039 |SPAIN synchros. - m SS talk; good                   <R>
  1188   | 08 | 2305 |MOROCCO Casablanca - 1kW stn noted very good w/ FF news
                     |// huge signals on 1197 & 1325.                     <R>
  1188   | 09 | 1947 |ANGOLA - E. P. do Malanje - fair w/ m PP talk.      <R>
  1188   | 09 | 2202 |ANGOLA - f PP talk, jingles & slogans, "La Bamba",
                     |then calypso mx.                                    <R>
  1197   | 08 | 2032 |MOROCCO/PORTUGAL - Agadir w/ FF, o/ PP f talk       <R>
  1197   | 09 | 1956 |MOROCCO Agadir - RTM (B) - "My Way" mx, ID, news in FF
                     |at 2000.                                            <R>
  1197   | 09 | 1955 |LESOTHO - BBC relay - EE language course to 1959 Z then
                     |ID sequence w/ "This is London", "Lilybolero" theme mx,
                     |pips, and "BBC World Service" ID at 2000.  News
                     |followed.  Poor to fair through RTM Morocco QRM.    <R>
  1206   | 08 | 1904 |FRANCE Bordeaux - rock mx // 1557                   <R>
  1206   | 08 | 2031 |FRANCE Bordeaux - rock mx // 1242                   <R>
  1208.5 | 07 | 2228 |LIBYA (t) - OC                                      <R>
  1215   | 08 | 2028 |CANARY ISLANDS - SS talk                            <R>
  1222.4 | 07 | 2237 |SENEGAL Ziguinchor (t) - African talk / chant       <R>
  1222.4 | 08 | 2204 |SENEGAL Ziguinchor - FF talk XLNT.  Noted often at other
                     |times w/ AA & vernacular blend a la 765.  Previously
                     |heard in Maine by Neil Kazaross (Kaz).              <R>
  1224   | 08 | 2026 |SPAIN synchros. - 3 separate SS audios here !       <R>
  1232   | 08 | 2142 |ANGOLA Lubango - PP talk poor w/ Morocco (?)-1233 het.
                     |Not // 1313.  NF semi-local on 1230 phased.         <R>
  1232   | 09 | 2032 |unID - maybe Angola - het against 1233              <C>
  1233   | 08 | 0341 |MOROCCO Tanger - AA chanting // 207                 <R>
  1242   | 08 | 2025 |FRANCE Marseille - rock mx // 1206                  <R>
  1251   | 08 | 0420 |LIBYA Tripoli - Koran recitation // 828, 1053       <R>
  1251   | 08 | 2024 |LIBYA/PORTUGAL - news in AA way o/ f PP operatic
                     |vocal & m PP talk                                   <R>
  1251   | 07 | 2240 |PORTUGAL - PP pgm atop Libya                        <R>
  1259   | 07 | 2230 |AZORES Horta - XLNT w/ little 1260 QRM.  Was // 693
                     |w/ mellow PP mx.                                    <R>
  1259   | 08 | 0022 |AZORES Horta - PP talk (note: old-plan freq.)       <CL>
  1259   | 08 | 2019 |AZORES Horta - pop mx                               <R>
  1259   | 09 | 2212 |AZORES Horta - PP talk // 693; good.                <R>
  1260   | 08 | 0021 |SPAIN Valencia et al (SER) - SS talk o/ WEZE;
                     |nasty het Azores-1259                               <CL>
  1260   | 08 | 2018 |SPAIN synchros. - f SS talk: SER net // 1584        <R>
  1269   | 08 | 1945 |CANARY ISLANDS Las Palmas very good w/ R. Ecca ID,
                     |SS talk, then Muzak.                                <R>
  1269   | 08 | 2018 |CANARY ISLANDS Las Palmas - "Cadena COPE" net.
                     |ID, SS talk                                         <R>
 
Trans-Atlantic DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
  1286   | 08 | 2052 |CAMEROON Yaounde - African mx, AA-sounding talk     <R>
  1286   | 08 | 2232 |CAMEROON (t) - AA-sounding talk                     <R>
  1286   | 08 | 2359 |CAMEROON Yaounde (t) - talk, anthem, s/off          <R>
  1286   | 09 | 2015 |unID - f talk in AA-based lang., fair to good.
                     |Was not // 4850 (Yaounde).                          <R>
  1287   | 08 | 2015 |SENEGAL Kaolack (t) - AA vocal, flute mx -
                     |not // 891, so prob. not Algeria                    <R>
  1295   | 09 | 2032 |unID carrier - prob. Angola (1313 loud at the time) <C>
  1296   | 08 | 0332 |SUDAN (t) - Rebia assumed to be the AA commonly heard
                     |here way o/Spain.  AA news 0332-0336 Z.             <R>
  1296   | 08 | 2013 |SUDAN (t) - wild AA mx (violins, flutes, etc.) o/u
                     |Spain.  Per European info, Sudan's 1500kW is back on.<R>
  1296   | 08 | 2027 |SUDAN Sennar - AA talk LOUD                         <R>
  1296   | 08 | 2013 |SPAIN/SUDAN/unID - SS & 2 AA's                      <R>
  1305   | 08 | 2012 |SPAIN - SS operatic f vocal // 1314                 <R>
  1305   | 08 | 2330 |unID (Senegal?) African-accented FF talk            <R>
  1313   | 08 | 2037 |ANGOLA Lubango - PP talk                            <R>
  1313   | 08 | 2104 |ANGOLA Lubango - lively African mx, PP talk very good.
                     |Angola & Huila mentions, TC at 2130.  At times this
                     |destroyed Spain-1314.                               <R>
  1313   | 09 | 1933 |ANGOLA - E. P. do Huila - PP talk by 2 men, weak
                     |to fair.  XLNT by 2024.                             <R>
  1313   | 09 | 2121 |ANGOLA - very strong w/ PP teletalk, then mx        <R>
  1314   | 08 | 2012 |SPAIN synchros. - SS operatic f vocal // 1305       <R>
  1325   | 07 | 2040 |MOROCCO Safi - classical mx. - XLNT                 <R>
  1325   | 08 | 2010 |MOROCCO Safi - FF talk                              <R>
  1331   | 09 | 2038 |unID carrier - prob. Angola on old-plan freq.       <C>
  1332   | 08 | 2008 |PORTUGAL Elvas - PP talk                            <R>
  1335.7 | 09 | 2226 |SENEGAL Dakar - Huge signal at times, mostly in AA or
                     |vernacular but w/ news in Afro-accented FF that
                     |mentioned "Senegalaise".  Not //765.  Went off after
                     |0000 Z.  Likely former 1304/1305 heard by Kaz from
                     |Ogunquit, ME; Connelly from West Yarmouth, MA; et al.<R>
  1335.8 | 07 | 2030 |SENEGAL Dakar - Afro-AA vernacular talk very good.
                     |Went off after 0000 Z.                              <R>
  1335.9 | 08 | 2006 |SENEGAL (t) - poor w/ AA                            <R>
  1335.9 | 08 | 2135 |SENEGAL (t) - AA or dialect talk, Koranic chant     <R>
  1341   | 08 | 1936 |CANARY ISLANDS Santa Cruz - SS talk                 <R>
  1349   | 08 | 2005 |MAURITANIA Nouakchott - string mx, chant - XLNT     <R>
  1355   | 07 | 2017 |SPANISH SAHARA (MOROCCO) - [area of southern Morocco,
                     |Ifni, etc.] - huge signal at times w/ mostly AA, some
                     |SS & Afro-AA vernaculars.  Often jammed by buzzing sound
                     |but little jamming when noted on 9 NOV.  Best signal
                     |(/ less jamming) prior to NF sunset.  This is likely an
                     |unlicensed station in the disputed Spanish Sahara area
                     |that EBU lists as "AOE".                            <R>
  1355   | 08 | 2004 |unID - AA talk                                      <R>
  1359   | 08 | 0313 |MELILLA - SS pgm // Spain RNE outlets               <R>
  1359   | 08 | 2002 |MELILLA - m&f SS talk                               <R>
 
Trans-Atlantic DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
  1367   | 07 | 2355 |ANGOLA Luanda - good // 1088.  Mx, then PP announcer.
                     |945 (944) not heard at the time.                    <R>
  1377   | 08 | 0325 |PORTUGAL Canidelo - huge signal w/ PP               <R>
  1377   | 08 | 1950 |FRANCE Lille -FF talk in St. Pierre - 1375 pest slop<R>
  1386   | 08 | 0010 |USSR Kaliningrad fair to good w/ m RR talk.  One of the
                     |few inland northern TA's noted during semi-AUCX.    <R>
  1386   | 09 | 1922 |GUINEA Labe - highlife mx, m FF talk; good          <R>
  1394   | 09 | 2005 |TOGO Lama Kara fair to good w/FF // 5047.  Some Spain-
                     |1395 QRM; no sign of listed Azores stn (likely off).<C>
  1395   | 08 | 1949 |SPAIN Alicante et al- uptempo female vocal, LOUD    <R>
  1395   | 09 | 2250 |NIGERIA Uyo - to good peak w/ Afro-EE talk about
                     |construction in Africa.                             <C>
  1404   | 08 | 1948 |GUINEA Conakry - AA-like string mx, o/ unID SS      <R>
  1404   | 09 | 2215 |GUINEA Conakry - two m in Afro-FF; good o/
                     |weak unID stn                                       <R>
  1413   | 08 | 1947 |SPAIN synchros. - SS talk, Radio Nacional ID        <R>
  1413   | 09 | 1925 |SPAIN - RNE R. 5 synchros - SS 'futbol', fair       <R>
  1422   | 08 | 0323 |ALGERIA Algiers - AA // others                      <R>
  1422   | 08 | 1854 |ALGERIA Algiers - FF, good                          <R>
  1422   | 08 | 1940 |unID (GERMANY or ALGERIA) - rock mx                 <R>
  1440   | 08 | 1920 |LUXEMBOURG Marnach - EE rock show                   <R>
  1440   | 08 | 1925 |SAUDI ARABIA Damman - Atop Luxembourg w/ AA // 1521.<R>
  1440   | 08 | 2000 |CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC Bangui - African mx // 5034.3;
                     |battling w/ Luxembourg & apparent SS stn.           <R>
  1458   | 08 | 1919 |SPAIN - graveyard-like pile of SS audios            <R>
  1458.2 | 09 | 2223 |unID - poor w/ pop mx, m&f FF talk, mx, more chat   <R>
  1467   | 09 | 2252 |FRANCE Roumoules - story-reading by f in EE.  What is
                     |remarkable is that there was an unID stn far underneath
                     |w/ rock mx.  (Who ?)                                <R>
  1475   | 08 | 1917 |BENIN Cotonou - Afro-FF talk // 4870 SW             <R>
  1484.9 | 08 | 1916 |SPAIN - fast SS talk                                <R>
  1485   | 08 | 0307 |ASCENSION ISLAND - BBC WS relay // 198 kHz noted
                     |generally u/Spain.                                  <R>
  1485   | 08 | 2325 |ASCENSION ISLAND English Bay - 500 watts (!)
                     |BBC relay (EE // 6175) well over Spain.  Much
                     |better on 130-deg. Beverage than on the 110-deg.
                     |Beverage.  Very good by 2344 w/ BBC WS ID.  This
                     |is worth a try from coastal New England during AUCX.<R>
  1492.7 | 08 | 1913 |IVORY COAST Abidjan - flute mx; XLNT o/ 1494 het    <R>
  1493   | 07 | 2028 |IVORY COAST Abidjan - very good w/ African mx.      <R>
  1493   | 09 | 0845 |IVORY COAST Abidjan still in well w/African mx & FF
                     |talk an incredible 2.5 hours after their local sunrise!
                     |Finally gone by 0900.  They seem to leave OC on all
                     |night & were very easy here, often crushing 1494.   <C>
  1502   | 09 | 2135 |ANGOLA - E. P. do Benguela - PP ballad, m PP talk,
                     |TC at 2143, song about Angola at 2145 !  Second
                     |carrier here also (suspected Togo, but no audio
                     |to compare w/ 3222).                                <R>
  1502.4 | 09 | 2054 |ANGOLA here w/ PP; Togo not noted at this time.     <C>
 
Trans-Atlantic DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
  1503   | 07 | 1958 |AZORES Lajes Field - Armed Forces R. xlnt & alone
                     |at times.  Generally o/u Spain & 1502 Afro het.  Good
                     |w/ US mx & ID "AFR - We do it all for you."  Four-
                     |digit base phone #'s announced in ads.  Mentioned 96.1
                     |FM.  Listed as only 100 watts (& was considerably
                     |weaker than 10kW 1566), but still may be higher power.
                     |This might be logged in US at sunset or after 0800 GMT
                     |when Spain fades.                                   <R>
  1503   | 08 | 0155 |AZORES Lajes - AFR taped w/ ad for municipal bonds;
                     |very good (way o/ Spain)                            <R>
  1503   | 08 | 1850 |AZORES Lajes - AFR taped w/ID,base 4-digit phone #'s<R>
  1503   | 08 | 1910 |AZORES Lajes - AFRTS w/ US program, good!  Listed
                     |as 100 watts !                                      <R>
  1503   | 08 | 2302 |AZORES Lajes LOUD w/"96.1 FM" ID, AP net news       <R>
  1521   | 08 | 0112 |SPAIN - SS // 1116                                  <R>
  1521   | 08 | 1908 |SAUDI ARABIA Duba - AA; LIKE A LOCAL                <R>
  1530   | 07 | 2010 |MADEIRA ISLANDS - dominant.  Madeira-531 noted later.<R>
  1530   | 08 | 1907 |MADEIRA ISLANDS Funchal - PP talk; good             <R>
  1530   | 09 | 2220 |VATICAN - II talk mixed w/ PP (Brazil or Madeira)   <C>
  1538.8 | 08 | 1906 |SPAIN - f SS talk, messy het                        <R>
  1548   | 08 | 0115 |ENGLAND London - London mentions, mx = standards, TC <R>
  1548   | 09 | 0631 |ENGLAND Bristol - XLNT w/ BBC R. Bristol ID & jingle<C>
  1554   | 07 | 2005 |GABON - good w/ African talk.                       <R>
  1557   | 08 | 1904 |FRANCE Nice - rock mx // 1206                       <R>
  1566   | 08 | 1901 |AZORES Vila de Porto - f PP talk (news); XLNT       <R>
  1575   | 08 | 1901 |SPAIN - m SS talk, good                             <R>
  1584   | 08 | 1900 |SPAIN - pips, SS talk                               <R>
  1584   | 09 | 2149 |SPAIN - SER synchros - US pop song, SS m talk;strong<R>
  1593   | 08 | 1858 |GERMANY Langenberg - new age & light cl. mx, fair   <R>
  1602   | 08 | 2330 |ASCENSION ISLAND presumed - peaking o/ Spain w/ US Top
                     |40 & oldies mx, then EE announcer who mentioned things
                     |that sounded like he was talking from a military base.
                     |When logged by Kaz in 1984 from Maine, they played
                     |God Save the Queen & the Star Spangled Banner at
                     |2355; but they've apparently discontinued this.
                     |BBC relay on 1485 in very well at the time.         <R>
  1602   | 09 | 0012 |ASCENSION ISLAND - EE talk; back-to-back songs:taped<R>
  1602   | 07 | 2045 |ASCENSION ISLAND/SPAIN  - US rock mx o/u SS pgm.    <R>
  1602   | 07 | 2140 |unID - AA u/ Spain's SS.  Noted other times on car
                     |radio (at Renews Harbour) battling WUNR-1600 QRM.   <R>
  1602   | 08 | 1857 |SPAIN - m in SS                                     <R>

Pan-American DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
   535   | 09 | 0936 |GRENADA St. George's - absolutely LOCAL-LIKE w/ Carib-
                     |EE religious pgm. w/ talk about Communism.          <C>
   600   | 08 | 0239 |BRAZIL - PP talk to fair peaks                      <R>
   610   | 09 | 0935 |TRINIDAD Port of Spain VPL6 atop CKYQ w/ m&f in
                     |Carib-accented EE.                                  <C>
   620   | 08 | 0233 |BRAZIL - PP 'futebol' [soccer] u/ CKCM (NF)         <R>
 
Pan-American DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
   620   | 09 | 0901 |ANTIGUA St. John's very good w/ BBC news.  (Brazil was
                     |here earlier.)                                      <C>
   640   | 09 | 0512 |GUADELOUPE Pointe a Pitre good w/ RFO FF news // French
                     |Guiana - 1070.  Local CBN-640 was off at the time.  <C>
   640   | 10 | 0815 |BRAZIL/VENEZUELA/CANADA - PP talk mixed w/ SS talk;
                     |both way u/ CBN.                                    <C>
   660   | 09 | 0930 |ST. LUCIA Castries - LOCAL-LIKE w/ talk "Good morning,
                     |it's 5:30 on R. St. Lucia."  Into C&W-flavored religious
                     |program.  No trace of relay listed on 625; we believe
                     |that this has never been on.                        <C>
   680   | 08 | 0220 |BRAZIL Sao Luis ZYH885 - XLNT at tune-in (whacking
                     |WRKO/CIYQ): easy-listening mx, faded to fair level
                     |w/PP announcements including Maranhoa & Sao Luis
                     |mentions.                                           <R>
   680   | 09 | 0904 |ARGENTINA Mendoza LV6 - a shocker at s/on after national
                     |anthem.  GMT-3 TC, R. Nihuil ID - XLNT!! - taped.   <C>
   690   | 08 | 0231 |BRAZIL Fortaleza ZYH587 very good w/ PP mx, R. Dragao
                     |ID.                                                 <R>
   690   | 09 | 0516 |BRAZIL - prob. Fortaleza - PP talk, very good       <C>
   690   | 10 | 0408 |BRAZIL Fortaleza ZYH587 - LOCAL-LIKE w/ PP religion;
                     |way o/ other Brazilian.                             <C>
   690   | 09 | 0938 |ANGUILLA - The Valley - Carib. Beacon - EE religion
                     |XLNT - was not // 1610                              <C>
   700   | 09 | 0517 |BRAZIL (2 stations) - one had classical mx & PP ads
                     |for cl. mx; other had f PP talk.                    <C>
   700   | 09 | 1002 |JAMAICA Montego Bay -- Huge signal during "Caribbean
                     |stampede": ID "This is JBC Radio 1", then list of
                     |freq's given.  Was // 850.                          <C>
   705   | 08 | 2310 |ST. VINCENT Kingstown - pop mx                      <R>
   705   | 09 | 0931 |ST. VINCENT Kingstown - s/on w/ choral national anthem,
                     |R. St. Vincent ID - HUGE SIGNAL                     <C>
   720   | 10 | 0026 |unID - SS m on phone w/ f caller, possibly religious
                     |format; soon covered by Brazilian                   <C>
   720   | 10 | 0029 |BRAZIL - PP ads, TC at 0030, Brazilian ballad;
                     |o/ SS stn. and another PP stn.                      <C>
   730   | 09 | 0523 |BRAZIL - f PP vocal; fair                           <C>
   730   | 09 | 0935 |TRINIDAD Port of Spain - good w/ Carib EE religion  <C>
   740   | 09 | 0526 |BRAZIL prob. Salvador ZYH446 - PP romantic mx XLNT  <C>
   750   | 08 | 2304 |VENEZUELA Caracas - YVKS noted w/ SS talk,
                     |Caracas mentions                                    <R>
   760   | 07 | 2145 |BRAZIL - PP news                                    <R>
   760   | 08 | 0228 |BRAZIL Fortaleza - very good w/ PP Fortaleza mention <R>
   760   | 08 | 2302 |GUYANA Georgetown - 8RG w/ local sporting news      <R>
   780   | 09 | 0527 |BRAZIL Recife ZYI771 - Jornal ID in PP, fair - taped.<C>
   810   | 09 | 0954 |CUBA unlisted R. Reloj - good atop mess             <C>
   810   | 10 | 0406 |BRAZIL Fortaleza - prob. R. Verdes Mares strong w/"Hotel
                     |California" then PP talk; o/second Brazil.          <C>
   820   | 09 | 0530 |BRAZIL Vitoria ZYI232 fair w/ Gazeta ID, PP mx      <C>
   840   | 09 | 1000 |COLOMBIA - SS talk, call starting w/ HJ in ID: Most
                     |likely HJBI Santa Marta, possibly HJKK Neiva        <C>
 
Pan-American DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
   850   | 08 | 2300 |URUGUAY Montevideo - CX16 good w/ R. Carve ID:
                     |on 130 deg. Beverage that nulled WHDH.              <R>
   850   | 09 | 1002 |JAMAICA - JBC outlet // 700 poor, way behind WHDH.  <C>
   850   | 10 | 0019 |unID - m SS talk (horse racing results), slogan "La
                     |Primera Cadena"; good.  Possible new R. Vision outlet
                     |in Maracay, Venezuela (listed in DSWCI June '91)    <C>
   860   | 08 | 2255 |BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro - ZYJ459 - LOUD w/
                     |R. Mundial ID, PP talk & mx                         <R>
   860   | 09 | 0942 |CUBA/VENEZUELA - R. Reloj outlet o/ YV stn that had
                     |ads w/ prices in bolivars.                          <C>
   860   | 09 | 0955 |CUBA unlisted R. Progreso outlet noted w/ huge signal
                     |// 900 at s/on.                                     <C>
   870   | 07 | 2140 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <R>
   870   | 08 | 2243 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <R>
   870   | 08 | 2253 |ARGENTINA Buenos Aires - LRA1 good w/ R. Nacional
                     |Argentina ID                                        <R>
   870   | 10 | 0819 |ARGENTINA Buenos Aires - LRA1 R. Nacional good w/ SS
                     |talk about grain prices in Buenos Aires.            <C>
   880   | 08 | 2252 |BRAZIL Belo Horizonte - ZYH275 w/ R.Inconfidencia
                     |ID, good                                            <R>
   880   | 09 | 0535 |BRAZIL/VENEZUELA - PP atop SS stn                   <C>
   890   | 08 | 2242 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <R>
   895   | 08 | 2225 |NEVIS - rock mx                                     <R>
   900   | 08 | 2239 |BARBADOS/BRAZIL - Bridgetown w/ Caribbean News
                     |Round-Up - XLNT - o/ PP talk                        <R>
   900   | 09 | 0955 |CUBA R. Progreso outlet // 860.                     <C>
   950   | 08 | 2149 |BRAZIL Belo Horizonte - ZYL212 w/PP talk            <R>
   950   | 08 | 2243 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <R>
   960   | 08 | 2245 |BRAZIL - PP talk mixed w/ CHNS                      <R>
   960   | 09 | 0508 |BRAZIL - PP talk u/CHNS Halifax, NS                 <C>
   970   | 09 | 0540 |VENEZUELA (city?) - SS net ID "R. Cadena Mundial" & "en
                     |Venezuela la radio es Mundial"; adult contemp. mx   <C>
   980   | 09 | 0507 |BRAZIL Brasilia ZYH707 - XLNT w/ PP news            <C>
   990   | 09 | 0717 |BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro ZYJ461 good w/ new R. Record
                     |slogan, nice PP mx.                                 <C>
   990   | 09 | 2105 |BRAZIL - presumed R. Record (ex Ipanema) - m PP talk
                     |mixed w/ CBY; SER Spaniards phased.                 <R>
  1000   | 09 | 0506 |BRAZIL Sao Paulo ZYK522 - very good w/ PP talk      <C>
  1010   | 09 | 0505 |BRAZIL Fortaleza ZYH625 - PP; huge signal           <C>
  1010   | 10 | 0810 |BRAZIL Fortaleza ZYH625 - R. Jornal "o Povo" - lucky
                     |to land on freq. at moment of ID.  Good signal.
                     |Frequently loud, almost always clobbering WINS.     <C>
  1020   | 09 | 0851 |VENEZUELA La Asuncion YVRS - XLNT w/ Mundial Margarita
                     |ID, just as monstrously loud as it is on Cape Cod   <C>
  1030   | 08 | 0347 |BRAZIL - PP talk o/u WBZ                            <R>
  1030   | 09 | 0545 |unID - SS w/ cl mx mix w/WBZ&Brazil (prob.Argentina)<C>
  1030   | 10 | 0400 |ARGENTINA Buenos Aires - LS10 R. del Plata good signal
                     |o/ WBZ (!) & Brazil: pgm. promo for next day w/ 6 pips
                     |at 0400; bit of talk, then "Radionoticias del Plata"
                     |news at 0401 and "Radiodeportes del Plata" sports
                     |at 0402.                                            <C>
 
Pan-American DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
  1040   | 07 | 2310 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <R>
  1040   | 08 | 0345 |BRAZIL - PP very good                               <R>
  1040   | 09 | 0435 |BRAZIL Sao Paulo ZYK537 - XLNT w/ PP talk           <C>
  1040   | 09 | 0552 |BRAZIL Sao Paulo ZYK537: XLNT - mentioned Sao Paulo <C>
  1050   | 09 | 0551 |BRAZIL - excited PP talk sandwiched betw. 1044&1053 <C>
  1060   | 09 | 0503 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <C>
  1060   | 09 | 0705 |BRAZIL Mossoro ZYJ597 - taped w/ 2 good Tapuzo ID's,
                     |PP talk mentioning freq., power (5 kW), and QTH of
                     |Mossoro.                                            <C>
  1070   | 09 | 0222 |FRENCH GUIANA Cayenne very good w/m FF talk.        <C>
  1070   | 09 | 0501 |FRENCH GUIANA Cayenne - huge signal (way o/CBA) w/news
                     |& wx. for France, GMT-1 (Paris time) TC.  Was // 1090
                     |Martinique at 0501; separated at 0512.  Noted // 640
                     |Guadeloupe at 0512.                                 <C>
  1090   | 09 | 0219 |BRAZIL - good w/ PP talk                            <C>
  1090   | 09 | 0433 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <C>
  1090   | 09 | 0502 |MARTINIQUE - FF talk: RFO net news //Fr. Guiana-1070 <C>
  1100   | 09 | 0437 |BRAZIL Sao Paulo ZYK694 - XLNT w/ PP talk           <C>
  1100   | 09 | 0901 |ANTIGUA St. John's ZDK - LOCAL-LIKE w/Carib. EE s/on<C>
  1110   | 09 | 0655 |BRAZIL Joao Pessoa ZYI786 taped well o/SS QRM w/ PP
                     |talk, ads, song at 0655.  Tabajara ID's noted 0658-0701.
                     |This, like many ZY's, ID's without using "Radio" in
                     |their slogans & jingles.                            <C>
  1110   | 10 | 0248 |BRAZIL (ZYI786?) - PP good                          <C>
  1110   | 10 | 0352 |BRAZIL - excited m PP w/ promo or ad, name "Emilio
                     |Guarda" emerged from blob of signals briefly.       <C>
  1120   | 10 | 0248 |BRAZIL good w/PP talk.  Also noted around 0329 Z.   <C>
  1130   | 07 | 2341 |BRAZIL - PP pgm in net // 1280                      <R>
  1130   | 09 | 0440 |BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro ZYJ460 great w/ PP "madrugada ...
                     |R. Nacional" mentions; atop other PP prob. Belem    <C>
  1130   | 09 | 0853 |BRAZIL Belem ZYI531 fair to good w/Marajoara de Belem
                     |ID in the clear after previous QRM (ZYJ460 Rio de
                     |Janeiro) faded due to Rio sunrise.  WNEW didn't show
                     |until just before dawn at Cappahayden, NF Bev site. <C>
  1150   | 10 | 0347 |BRAZIL Belo Horizonte ZYL283 - R. Globo faded up
                     |w/ ID & jingles, Brasopop mx, Mato Grosso mentioned;
                     |briefly good.                                       <C>
  1160   | 08 | 0058 |BRAZIL Vitoria ZYI202 fair w/ two Espiritu Santo PP
                     |mentions.  Often to very good strength.             <R>
  1160   | 09 | 0947 |BERMUDA Hamilton VSB3 - very good w/ sports from BBC
                     |cricket correspondent.                              <C>
  1170   | 08 | 0106 |VENEZUELA - SS Venezuela mentions                   <R>
  1190   | 08 | 0009 |BRAZIL - PP 'futebol' game; fair                    <R>
  1190   | 08 | 0120 |BRAZIL - PP 'futebol' // 1280                       <R>
  1200   | 08 | 2153 |BRAZIL Fortaleza ZYH585 - weird PP vocal (almost
                     |African-sounding) - LOUD.  "Pipeline" to eastern
                     |Brazil on 130 deg. Beverage near the Renews
                     |lighthouse.  Has been logged at W. Yarmouth, MA.    <R>
  1200   | 09 | 2100 |BRAZIL Fortaleza ZYH585 very good w/PP family pgm   <C>
  1200   | 09 | 0646 |VENEZUELA Caracas YVOZ noted behind massive Brazil
                     |(ZYH585) OC: SS opera / cl. mx, Radiotiempo ID.     <C>
 
Pan-American DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
  1210   | 08 | 0034 |VENEZUELA Barcelona YVZT -R. Anzoategui ID,fair-good <R>
  1220   | 09 | 0003 |BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro - ZYJ458 - LOUD w/PP talk,
                     |Globo ID.  Logged in US (even in Hawaii)            <R>
  1240   | 09 | 0445 |BRAZIL - PP pop mx, nice                            <C>
  1240   | 09 | 2110 |BRAZIL (city?) - PP 'futebol', mention of "A Voz do
                     |Brazil" (net ID?).  Sao Paulo was one of the teams. <C>
  1260   | 09 | 0010 |BRAZIL Sao Paulo ZYK688 - religious pgm. in PP-XLNT <R>
  1260   | 09 | 0330 |BRAZIL Sao Paulo ZYK688 - good w/ local announcements
                     |& R. Mulher ID.                                     <C>
  1280   | 07 | 2332 |BRAZIL - PP pgm in net // 1130                      <R>
  1280   | 08 | 2218 |BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro - m&f PP talk                 <R>
  1280   | 09 | 0555 |BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro ZYJ455 - huge LOCAL-LIKE signal
                     |w/ Tupi mention.  Most high-power Brazilians were
                     |virtually local-like (e. g. 980, 1040, 1100, 1220)  <C>
  1290   | 09 | 0750 |BRAZIL probably Sao Luis ZYH888: ad with apparent Sao
                     |Luis mention.                                       <C>
  1290   | 08 | 2233 |VENEZUELA / BRAZIL - Puerto Cabello YVLF w/ local ads /
                     |SS talk briefly atop; then Brazil (in PP) took over.<R>
  1290   | 09 | 0949 |VENEZUELA Puerto Cabello YVLF w/ ID; very good.     <C>
  1300   | 09 | 0020 |BRAZIL - PP talk to good peak, taped                <R>
  1300.6 | 08 | 0123 |BRAZIL - unID ZY w/ PP talk & mx; 1300 het notched. <R>
  1300.6 | 09 | 2113 |BRAZIL - PP talk poor to fair; another Brazilian right
                     |on 1300.  Fortaleza poss. the 1300.6 stn.           <C>
  1320   | 09 | 0419 |BRAZIL - QRM-garbled PP ID mentioned "ondas cortas"
                     |(shortwave) outlet.                                 <C>
  1330   | 09 | 0430 |BRAZIL Belem ZYI533 fair to good w/ Liberal ID in PP <C>
  1360   | 09 | 0557 |BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro ZYJ464 - Xlnt signal at times at
                     |end of PP religious pgm.  "LBZ" ads and Guanabara
                     |mentions.                                           <C>
  1370   | 09 | 0415 |BRAZIL - o/QRM w/ PP talk, Regional jingle          <C>
  1370   | 09 | 0613 |BRAZIL (2 stations) - one had tropical mx & announcer
                     |who mentioned Goiania; the other had PP talk.       <C>
  1370   | 10 | 0318 |BRAZIL - Brazilian mx, no ID before fade-out        <C>
  1380   | 09 | 0342 |BRAZIL - PP religion - LOUD                         <C>
  1380   | 09 | 0559 |BRAZIL - PP; trashed by Portugal - 1377             <C>
  1380   | 10 | 0315 |BRAZIL - PP teletalk w/ f announcer; she mentioned
                     |"Molina Rodriguez" at 0316 (perhaps her name ?) -
                     |fair, but faded out fast.                           <C>
  1380   | 10 | 0330 |BRAZIL Recife ZYI773 good w/ two clear R. Continental
                     |de Recife ID's, mentions of "a musica, a cultura",
                     |m PP religious talk.  Tricky to follow at times because
                     |another Brazilian w/ rel. mx faded in & out.        <C>
  1390   | 09 | 0827 |BRAZIL (2 stations) - PP talk o/u PP f vocal        <C>
  1400   | 09 | 0350 |BRAZIL - PP talk, fair                              <C>
  1430   | 09 | 0758 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <C>
  1430   | 09 | 0821 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <C>
  1430   | 09 | 2211 |BRAZIL Mossoro ZYJ604 - XLNT w/ "do Mossoro" mention,
                     |US Top 40, then PP song.                            <C>
  1430   | 09 | 2330 |BRAZIL Mossoro ZYJ604 - XLNT peak w/ ID as
                     |R. Libertadora Mossoroense.                         <C>

 
Pan-American DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
  1440   | 09 | 2246 |BRAZIL Rio de Janeiro ZYJ469 - good w/ pop mx & ID
                     |"R. Rio AM".                                        <C>
  1450   | 09 | 2200 |BRAZIL - PP talk poor                               <C>
  1460   | 08 | 2215 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <R>
  1460   | 09 | 0816 |BRAZIL - PP talk & mx, poor                         <C>
  1460   | 09 | 2234 |BRAZIL - PP m vocal                                 <C>
  1468.8 | 08 | 2338 |BRAZIL unID Braz. GY'er here, fair o/ distant storm QRN.
                     |R. Nacional mentions fr. PP 'futebol' net.          <R>
  1470   | 08 | 2312 |VENEZUELA Carupano YVSY - R. Vibracion ID, fair     <R>
  1470   | 10 | 0259 |BRAZIL - fast PP talk, play-by-play sports, (think)
                     |Sao Paulo-vs.-??; baby product ads.  No ID's heard
                     |between 0259 & 0305.  Fair while it lasted.         <C>
  1480   | 08 | 2301 |PUERTO RICO Fajardo - WMDD good w/ ID mentioning
                     |Fajardo                                             <R>
  1480   | 09 | 0303 |BRAZIL - PP talk to good peak                       <C>
  1480   | 09 | 2157 |BRAZIL (city?) - PP song about Maria, faded down during
                     |ads (& probable ID per Murphy's Law of DX).  Mentioned
                     |what sounded like Vale de Curuca.  We don't think it's
                     |ZYI911 Piracuruca, but not sure.                    <C>
  1490   | 09 | 0252 |VENEZUELA (t) - SS talk (Caracas or Maracaibo likely)<C>
  1490   | 09 | 2200 |BRAZIL - PP talk poor                               <C>
  1500   | 09 | 2138 |BRAZIL (2 stations) - one had excited m PP sports talk;
                     |the other had PP vocal mx & f announcer.            <C>
  1510   | 09 | 0813 |BRAZIL (2 stations) one w/ song; one w/PP talk - both
                     |topping usual WSSH-1510 SS stuff (when on BrazilBev)<C>
  1520   | 08 | 2306 |VENEZUELA Guatire YVIC - R. Bonita ID               <R>
  1520   | 09 | 0353 |BRAZIL - PP pgm weak o/mess                         <C>
  1520   | 09 | 0832 |BRAZIL - PP talk & mx, poor                         <C>
  1530   | 09 | 0842 |BRAZIL - jumble of several PP stations              <C>
  1530   | 10 | 0804 |BRAZIL - weak w/ apparent m PP talk (s/on
                     |announcement)                                       <C>
  1540   | 08 | 2320 |BRAZIL - PP talk                                    <R>
  1540   | 09 | 0252 |VENEZUELA (t) Coro the likely source of SS talk here <C>
  1550   | 09 | 0300 |BRAZIL Areia Branca ZYJ606 - R. Gazeta do Oeste ID,
                     |LA rock, PP ad for something in Ariera Branca.      <C>
  1550   | 09 | 0803 |BRAZIL unID city - s/on o/ second ZY.  ID taped; after
                     |numerous replays no definite conclusion (sounded like
                     |R. Cultura (or) A Culturida ... AM 1550 kHz.        <C>
  1550   | 09 | 0810 |BRAZIL Areia Branca ZYJ606 - Gazeta ID, PP mx       <C>
  1550   | 09 | 2130 |BRAZIL - 3 Brazilians battling it out here          <C>
  1550   | 09 | 2257 |BRAZIL Areia Branca ZYJ606 - Areia Branca mentioned,
                     |R. Gazeta ID, romantic PP mx, clear local ad - very
                     |good.  This is probably the best bet for US reception
                     |of a Brazilian graveyarder since Areia Branca is
                     |located right on the coast just northwest of the
                     |northeast corner of Brazil and 1550 has no strong
                     |LA QRM.                                             <C>
  1560   | 08 | 2312 |BRAZIL - PP talk // 1590                            <R>
  1560   | 09 | 0230 |BRAZIL Pentecoste ZYH622 - ID taped (see also 0800Z)<C>
 
Pan-American DX from the Newfoundland DXpedition / NOV 1991 (continued)
  FREQ.  |DAY | TIME |LOCATION, PROGRAM DETAILS
---------|----|------|-------------------------------------------------------
  1560   | 09 | 0800 |BRAZIL Pentecoste ZYH622 poor w/ ID R. Difusora Vale
                     |de Curu getting through clearly.  Taped.  This may have
                     |been s/on.  Two PP's noted here on 10 NOV at times. <C>
  1560   | 10 | 0800 |BRAZIL - accordion mx, Brasopop later.  Fair; faded.<C>
  1570   | 08 | 2308 |TURKS & CAICOS - Atlantic Beacon LOUD w/preacher    <R>
  1570   | 09 | 2133 |BRAZIL (city?) - PP teletalk, then ID sounding like
                     |R. Cultura (not sure after several listens to tape) <C>
  1590   | 08 | 2238 |BRAZIL - m PP talk 'futebol' (soccer) game          <R>
  1590   | 08 | 2312 |BRAZIL - PP talk // 1560                            <R>
  1590   | 08 | 2350 |BRAZIL - PP talk (not on futebol net)               <R>
  1590   | 09 | 0626 |BRAZIL Sao Carlos ZYK762 - PP talk, Realidade jingle,
                     |R. Realidade ID.  Also noted a "de Sao Carlos" mention
                     |at 2121 on 09 NOV.  A second Brazilian here too.  We
                     |were amazed to find (at least) bits of PP audio on
                     |every Brazilian graveyard channel (1450-1590 kHz) !
                     |Some channels had up to 3 stations each.  Note these
                     |use 1kW day / 250 watts night !                     <C>
  1590   | 09 | 2121 |BRAZIL Sao Carlos ZYK762 "do Sao Carlos" mention    <C>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

     All in all, I would say that this trip was a resounding success: it
exceeded expectations except on the high-latitude Europe / Middle East /
Asia routes.  Of course, the trip occurred during one of the greatest
auroral disruptions of 1991 (comparable to that of late March).  This no
doubt assisted our African and Brazilian loggings (as much as it ruined
Scandinavia, Iran, India, etc.).  Neil and Jean are custodians of the MANY
tapes of our receptions.  After tapes are analyzed and after others read
and respond to this article, an update article will probably be issued to
resolve unidentified receptions.  After a while (maybe a year or more),
it is hoped that we can offer an organized, narrated series of tapes of
the best and clearest catches as a DX "product".

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
    
    COUNTRIES LOGGED ON THE 7-10 NOV, 1991 NEWFOUNDLAND DXPEDITION
    [Jean Burnell, Mark Connelly, Neil Kazaross]

    For more detail, see the loggings submitted to the bulletins
    of the National Radio Club, International Radio Club of America,
    and Medium Wave Circle.

 1| Algeria           | 549, 666, 891, 981, 1422
 2| Angola            | 945, 1088, 1115, 1188, 1232, 1313, 1367, 1502a
 3| Anguilla          | 690, 1610
 4| Antigua           | 620, 1100, 1165
 5| Argentina         | 680, 870, 1030
 6| Ascension Island  | 1485, 1602
 7| Azores            | 693, 828, 836 (now 837), 1259, 1503, 1566
 8| Balearic Islands  | 909
 9| Barbados          | 900
10| Benin             | 1475
11| Bermuda           | 1160
12| Brazil            | 600, 620, 640, 680, 690, 700, 720, 730, 740,
      "               | 760, 780, 810, 820, 860, 870, 880, 890, 900,
      "               | 950, 960, 980, 990, 1000, 1010, 1030, 1040,
      "               | 1050, 1060, 1080, 1090, 1100, 1110, 1120,
      "               | 1130, 1150, 1160, 1190, 1200, 1220, 1240
      "               | 1260, 1280, 1290, 1300, 1300.6, 1320, 1330,
      "               | 1360, 1370, 1380, 1390, 1400, 1430, 1440, 1450,
      "               | 1460, 1468.8, 1470, 1480, 1490, 1500, 1510,
      "               | 1520, 1530, 1540, 1550, 1560, 1570, 1590
13| Burkina Faso      | 747
14| Cameroon          | 1152, 1286
15| Canada            | 540, 560, 590, 640, 690, 710, 720, 740, 780,
      "               | 800, 810, 920, 930, 960, 970, 1070, 1090,
      "               | 1230 (now 1210), 1270, 1320, et al
16| Canary Islands    | 621, 720, 747, 837, 882, 1008, 1215?, 1269, 1341
17| Central African R.| 1440
18| Colombia          | 840
19| Cuba              | 810, 860, 900
20| Egypt             | 819, 1107
21| England           | 882, 909, 1548
22| France            | 675, 945, 1071, 1161, 1206, 1242, 1377, 1467, 1557
23| French Guiana     | 1070
24| Gabon             | 1554
25| Gambia            | 909.8
26| Germany           | 1593
27| Grenada           | 535
28| Guadeloupe        | 640
29| Guinea            | 1386, 1404
30| Guyana            | 760
31| Italy             | 846, 900
32| Ivory Coast       | 1493a
 


33| Jamaica           | 700, 850
34| Lesotho           | 1197
35| Libya             | 648, 828, 1053, 1208.5, 1251
36| Luxembourg        | 1440
37| Madeira Islands   | 531, 1530
38| Martinique        | 1090
39| Mauritania        | 1349
40| Melilla           | 1359
41| Morocco           | 612, 657, 702, 711, 774, 819, 936, 999, 1026,
      "               | 1044, 1080, 1188, 1197, 1233, 1325
42| Mozambique        | 872
43| Nevis             | 895
44| Niger             | 1125
45| Nigeria           | 909, 918, 1170, 1395
46| Portugal          | 594, 630, 666, 720, 783, 828, 963, 981,
      "               | 1035, 1062, 1170, 1251, 1332, 1377
47| Puerto Rico       | 1480
48| Saudi Arabia      | 1440, 1521
49| Senegal           | 765, 1222.4, 1287, 1335.8
50| Spain             | 531, 576, 585, 603, 639, 657, 684, 702, 729,
      "               | 747, 774, 792, 801, 810, 837, 855, 900, 918,
      "               | 954, 972, 990, 1008, 1017, 1026, 1044, 1053,
      "               | 1107, 1116, 1134, 1152, 1179a, 1224, 1260,
      "               | 1296, 1305, 1314, 1395, 1413, 1458, 1484.9,
      "               | 1521, 1538.8, 1575, 1584, 1602
51| Spanish Morocco   | 990, 1355
52| St. Kitts         | 825
53| St. Lucia         | 660
54| St. Pierre & Miq. | 1375
55| St. Vincent       | 705
56| Sudan             | 1296
57| Togo              | 1394
58| Trinidad          | 610, 730
59| Turks & Caicos    | 1570
60| Uruguay           | 850
61| USA               | 660, 680, 770, 850, 880, 1010, 1030, 1050, 1130,
     "                | 1260, 1280, 1510, 1560, 1600
62| USSR (Kal.)       | 1386
63| Vatican           | 1530
64| Venezuela         | 640, 750, 860, 880, 970, 1020, 1170, 1200,
      "               | 1210, 1290, 1470, 1490, 1520, 1540
65| Zambia            | 818

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 


unID TA: 558, 567, 656, 657, 746, 756, 782, 801, 818, 909, 990, 1106,
         1125, 1160, 1169, 1170, 1232, 1286, 1295, 1305, 1331, 1422,
         1458.2, 1602

unID South Americans: 720, 850, 1030

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NOTE: Many northern Europeans that are normally heard well were blanked
      by auroral conditions.  These include stations from Belgium (1512),
      Czechoslovakia (1521), Holland (747), Ireland (567/612), Norway
      (1314), Poland (1503), Sweden (1179), Switzerland (1566), and
      Yugoslavia (1125/1134/1143).  If an opening had materialized in
      that direction, the country count could have easily gone beyond 80.
 
