++++++++++++++++++++ See also Q Codes 72 Signoff ++++++++++++++++++++ From: Chuck Adams Reply-To: k7qo at primenet.com Date: Mon, 13 Nov 2000 22:57:34 +0000 To: "Low Power Amateur Radio Discussion" Subject: CW Abbreviations [long] Someone asked and here is a list of probably the most used abbreviations in CW. It is not complete by any means. Enjoy. CW Abbreviations de K7QO AA all after GM good morning QKY quickly AB about GN gone QT quite ABB abbreviate GNI good night QTN quotation ABBD abbreviated GP group QTY quantity ABBG abbreviating GS guess QSN question ABBN abbreviation GT great R are ABD aboard GV give R roger ABS absent GVT government RCD received ABV above H has RCV receive ACG according HAP happy RCR receiver ADR address HB have been RD read ADS address HP hope RDY ready AF after HPN happen RFU refuse AFN afternoon HR here RG regular AGN again HV have RHT right AK acknowledge HVR however RJ reject ALW always HVU have you RKO record AMT amount IFN information RMB remember AO at once IM immediately RPY reply APC appreciate IN indication RR railroad AR answer IMY immensely RT are the AVB available IMT immediate RU are you AY any IP improve RY railway AYB anybody ITD intend SAT saturday AYG anything IW it was SD should AX ask J by which SDY sunday B be JF justify SH such BC because JGM judgement SIG signature BCNU be seeing you JN join SJ subject BD board JR junior SKJ schedule BF before JT just SM some BFL beautiful K out of the SMG something BFT breakfast KD kind SND send BH both KGNS congratulations SPO suppose BK break KMN communication SPZ surprise BKN broken KP keep STD standard BLDG building KPPG cooperating STN station BN been KU continue STO store BS best KW know SUGN suggestion BTN between LAF laugh SUY saturday BTR better LG long SVC service BUN bulletin LIC license SVL several BV believe LK like SYS system BZ business LOV love T the C see LTR letter TBL trouble C yes LUK look TDY today CA came LV leave TFK traffic CD could LVG leaving TG thing CDRY considerably M more TGR together CDX condition MAB maybe THD thursday CF chief MB maybe TI time CFM confirm MD made TM them CFUD confused MDA monday TMP temperature CHC chance MFG manufacturing TN then CHG charge MH much TND thousand CHN children MK make TNI tonight CLD called MMY memory TNK think CLDY cloudy MNG morning TR there CLR clear MO month TS this CK check MS most TSE these CM come MSJ message TT that CNCD concerned MSK mistake TU thank you CNDS conditions MST must TUY tuesday CTD connected MSY mostly TW tomorrow CPI copy MTG meeting TWM tomorrow mornin CPT complete MTR matter TWV tmw even CQY correctly MVG moving TX this is CY copy MVM movement TY they D in the N not U you DA day NA name UCN uncertain DAU daughter NBR neighbor UF unfortunate DD did ND need UFBY unfavorably DDNT did not NI night UK understand DE from NIL nothing UKN unknown DEG degree NR near ULY usually DFC difference NTG nothing UN until DFT different NUM number UPN upon DG doing NUMD numbered UR your DLD delivered NUP newspaper V of which DNR dinner NV never VB valuable DOLS dollars NW now VCY vicinity DT dont NX next VET veteran EA each O of VKN vacation EH either OFN often VOL volume EJO enjoy OFS office VSB visible ENH enough OFY officially VSR visitor EQM equipment OFC officer VST visit ES and OG organize VU view ESPY especially OJ object VY very EU Europe OP opportunity VYG voyage EV ever OPR operator W with EXA extra OTH other WB will be EXK expect OV over WDA wednesday EXQ excuse OWG owing WD would EYB everybody OWZ otherwise WDF wounderful EYG everything P per WEA weather F of the PAP paper WF wife FER for PB probable WG wrong FM from PBM problem WGT weight FO for PBY probably WH which FQ frequent PC percent WI will FRI friday PD paid WK week FRV forever PFD preferred WL well FRW forward PFT perfect WLD world FS first PKJ package WN when FU few PLS please WO who FW follow PLSR pleasure WRD word G from the POX police WT what GA good afternoon PSK prospect WTV whatever GA gave PW power X in which GD good Q on the XJ explain GG going QA qualify Y year GL good luck QAY quality YA yesterday GLS girls QK quick Z from which Chuck Adams, K7QO Prescott, AZ ++++++++++++++++ Date: Tue, 25 Sep 2001 17:26:40 -0700 From: lhlousek To: Low Power Amateur Radio Discussion Subject: [107491] Re: shorthand Message-ID: <002801c14621$e9ad5340$650dfea9 at nvbell.net> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT <<>> He also advocates things like "MY QTH IS" and "UR RST IS" where MY and IS really don't add anything. Some ops might send something like: (running characters and words together) UR RST IS 539 539 OM WID SUM QSB HR AT MY QTH IN RENO, NV ? RENO, NV ES MY NAME IS LOU ? LOU [BT] SO HW CPY? ES BK TO U [AR] U2XYZ DE W7DZN [KN] rather than leaving out superfluous words and punctuation to convey the same info more tersely: (sending deliberately) RST 539 539 QSB QTH RENO NV RENO NV OP LOU LOU BK I'll operate somewhere between those two extremes depending on the situation, the style of the other op, how I feel at the moment and the number of beers consumed. HI! Lou W7DZN +++++++++++++++++++++ Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 02:36:09 +0200 From: "Ingo, DK3RED" To: QRP-L Subject: [107493] Re: shorthand Message-ID: <3BB122F9.D7789503 at t-online.de> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello Lou, > I haven't run into CFM very often. What about the use of prosign SN? I hear it > bandied about quite a bit in various places in QSOs often used as "ers" between > thoughts. It means "understood" but I find that many Morse references don't > list it. I like the sound and feel of it and use it instead of R to convey > something more of a sense of agreement or fellowship... sort of like "I hear > you, man (or brother)..." rather than simply "received". Yes, this is right. "SN" or "VE" given as one word without space between the letters means "understood". You can give a "R" or "CFM" or "SN" as first group. CW is a language like other ones and a language lives (is not a static thing). -- 72/73 de Ingo, DK3RED ( Don't forget: the fun is the power ! ) eMail: dk3red at qsl.net - homepage: www.qsl.net/dk3red ++++++++++++++++++++ Hello Rob, > Does anyone know of a webpage that shows the proper CW sending format? www.t-online.de/~dk3red/en/cw.htm#aufbau -- 72/73 de Ingo, DK3RED ( Don't forget: the fun is the power ! ) eMail: dk3red at qsl.net - homepage: www.qsl.net/dk3red ++++++++++++++++++++ Date: Tue, 25 Sep 2001 22:24:06 -0500 From: Mike To: FrConrad at aol.com Cc: Low Power Amateur Radio Discussion Subject: [107499] Re: More on...not moron...shorthand Message-ID: <3BB14A56.54F6 at companet.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit FrConrad at aol.com wrote: > The relative benefit of TU as opposed to K or KN eludes me. TU (thank you) has a very very long tradition of use in commercial CW operations, and nearly as long in ham operations. It means the same thing as the ham TKS or TNX, but it is much more "snappy." Its use is not related to the "over" prosigns K or KN. I will add my vote against the new-age operating habit of not using the DE prosign. I also question the ham use of SK stacked on AR stacked on CL stacked on "dit dit" and so on. I prefer the simple military CW usage of K for "over" (end of transmission, expecting a reply) or AR for "out" (end of transmission, no reply expected). Why would one need to end any CW transmission with something other than K or AR? As far as "72" vs "73" goes, I've always though "72" was just a little too "cute." Part of the real joy of CW to me is in using traditional CW operating practices, especially if they are based on professional (military or commercial) usage. With the professional use of CW now all but dead, it would be a shame to not preserve at least some CW as was practised by this honorable but now extinct profession in the only service that continues to use CW (the hams). 73, Mike / KK5F ++++++++++++++++ : Wed, 26 Sep 2001 07:09:19 -0500 From: Steve Muncy To: crmabbott at mediaone.net Cc: "Low Power Amateur Radio Discussion" Subject: [107512] Re: More on...not moron...shorthand Message-ID: <200109261210.f8QCAGH20425 at falcon.mail.pas.earthlink.net> Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Mime-Version: 1.0 (Apple Message framework v388) Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit On Wednesday, September 26, 2001, at 03:28 AM, Charles Mabbott wrote: > The K was for any station to respond > The KN was for only called station to respond > The TU is Thank You........ Absolutely correct.... I've heard some wonder why "KN" even exists -- but I remember a time when three-way CW QSOs were not uncommon. A station could break in to an existing QSO and join in. The "KN" was used to indicate that you didn't want break ins. A "K" meant it was okay to break in. Perhaps it is just me, but I've not heard or participated in a 3-way CW QSO in years so perhaps 3-ways went away with crystal control. There probably isn't as much need for the "KN" as there once was. Any reference to TU as "to you" is absolutely WRONG and people should not use it that way. For decades CW net control stations have acknowledged checkins by sending "TU AS", meaning "thank you, please standby." If it meant "to you" then "TU AS" would be translated as "to you, please standby" which makes no sense at all. Furthermore, my very old copy of the ARRL Ham Desktop Reference lists the meaning of "TU" as "thank you" along with many other CW abbreviations. I must admit that I had never heard of anyone thinking that TU meant "to you" and I use TU a lot during QSOs -- makes me wonder if some people were confused when I sent it! I've had several stations in the past year demonstrate that they did not understand the meaning of the prosign AS. I'd get a phone call in the middle of a QSO and send "AS AS" and would get back something like "??" or some other reference to show they didn't understand it. That would force me to send something like "fone call -- stndby" which sure takes a heck of a lot longer than AS!!! ____________________________________________________ Steve Muncy, NI5V Dalllas, TX USA To: "Low Power Amateur Radio Discussion" Subject: [107513] QST Article-Your Novice Accent Message-ID: <200109261218.f8QCIcH08940 at falcon.mail.pas.earthlink.net> Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed; charset=us-ascii Mime-Version: 1.0 (Apple Message framework v388) Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit In light of the discussions of abbreviations and prosigns, you might find interesting the 1956 article in QST entitled "Your Novice Accent." It was quite a good article, and I re-read it from time to time to remind myself of some common errors. You may also get a kick out of it as a good historical piece. You can view it online at: http://www.carroll-usa.com/vanity/articles/novaccnt.html ____________________________________________________ Steve Muncy, NI5V Dalllas, TX USA To: Low Power Amateur Radio Discussion Subject: [107530] Re: More on...not moron...shorthand Message-ID: <004601c1469c$cf122580$650dfea9 at nvbell.net> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT I had a QSO with an op who ended his over with GA. The first time he did that I waited for him to keep sending and when he didn't I figured he was attempting to end the QSO by saying Good Afternoon so I sent, "are you trying to end the QSO by saying Good Afternoon?" and he said no, he meant "Go Ahead HI HI". GA is listed as an abbreviation for Go Ahead but using it this context, instead of the usual BK, K or KN, certainly confused me. I see a few nearly endless lists of Q signals and abbreviations on the web. It may be of academic interest to list all the historic Q sigs and abbreviations but in terms of usefulness today how many ops know them or would learn and remember all of them? A standardized pared-down list (as appears in ARRL publications) is more generally useful in that there is a better chance of ops knowing them. And, it's a lot less daunting for newcomers. Speaking of newcomers, it is extremely helpful to stick to a standard QSO format for the first few overs in a QSO with a newcomer. I know that when I was struggling with CW all I wanted to hear on that first over was RST, QTH and NAME. Any superfluous words or comments could easily throw me off. Once the initial formalities were over and I could relax a little it was ok loosen up. I remember on one of my first QSOs the op sent SOLID LOU... and I thought he was sending SO LID LOU... I thought it rather rude that he was calling me a LID, after all, I was only a beginner. Now, at least, when somebody calls me a LID, I've earned it. Lou W7DZN +++++++++++++++ Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 18:22:07 +0000 From: "Delbert Long" To: qrp-l at Lehigh.EDU Subject: [107534] Re: Shorthand Message-ID: Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; format=flowed Well, I had no idea that I would be starting such an interesting thread... A few comments of my own: 1. I only ever used KN if I was calling a particular station (my brother, Barry Goldwater, or King Hussein for example) and didn't want anyone else to interrupt...or if I was in QSO with one of those guys and didn't want anyone to butt in and try for a rare QSL card from the DX that I got. 2. I almost always use AR at the end of a CQ or when I'm in QSO... maybe unnecessary, but it became a habit ... I thought that it meant that I'm about to end my talk and it's time to turn it over. If you aren't really paying attention you get a warning that I'm almost through ragchewing...something like this: CQ CQ CQ de AD6WE AD6WE AD6WE AR K SO HW? BK 2 U AR K I have been known to use AS for "wait," or BT as "Uhhhh" (I actually heard someone at the Club Station calling CQ on SSB and turn it over "K Someone, Please). It was good to start out in a club (W1AF, Cambridge, MA), had someone over my shoulder to tell me I was getting an answer!, that FB meant "Fine Business..." That everyone was an OM unless she happened to be a YL or XYL... I used CW almost exclusively from novice days in 1974 until 1979...went quiet for awhile, then mostly SSB and 2m FM until about 1993...very quiet until this year...back to mostly CW QRP and I love it. But the language has been alive in my absence and has obviously changed some. I'm back and I'm not going anywhere soon! 73, (and 72 if you want) Delbert Long, AD6WE 2111 Cheyenne Way Unit 9 Fullerton, CA 92833-4912 Grid Square DM13av +++++++++++++++++ Date: Wed, 26 Sep 2001 11:52:34 -0700 From: "John Moriarity" To: , "Low Power Amateur Radio Discussion" Subject: [107537] Re: Shorthand Message-ID: <002f01c146bc$680c0a20$f8414cd1 at k6qq> > 2. I almost always use AR at the end of a CQ ... > CQ CQ CQ de AD6WE AD6WE AD6WE AR K > > SO HW? BK 2 U AR K Well, when I was taught procedure, I was told that "only Noah used an ARK". AR means "end of message", and K is an "invitation to transmit". AR is meaningless at the end of a CQ, because you haven't sent a message yet (CQ doesn't count). I was taught that the proper use was like this: CQ CQ CQ DE K6QQ K6QQ K ... so back to u om AR AD6WE DE K6QQ K. Of course this was back some fifty years ago, and like everything else I've learned, is probably wrong now. 73, John, K6QQ Alturas, CA, at the corner of 299 & 395. +++++++++++++++++ Date: Thu, 4 Oct 2001 09:09:40 -0400 From: Bill Coleman To: , "Low Power Amateur Radio Discussion" Subject: [107990] Re: shorthand Message-ID: <20011004131045.ENLN15456.imf02bis.bellsouth.net at [192.168.0.20]> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="US-ASCII" On 9/25/01 2:34 PM, William R Colbert at w5xe at juno.com wrote: >cfm is normally used when some sort of traffic is passed and >a questionable section is resent and "confirmed". It is not >normally used for "R = received or roger" but sometimes "C" >is used in place of the confirm "cfm" abbreviation. I hear CFM a lot during DX contests from mostly European operators. R should be sufficient, but many use CFM instead of the more lengthy QSL. I've never heard C used in place of R or CFM. C usually means Yes, as a phononym for the spanish word "Si". >SN or VE(VE is the correct one) is or was normally used for >beginning of message, now used as a start signal or as you >noted - an idler. Never heard this one on the air. >one of the cut number sets is: A=1, U=2, V=3, 4=4, E=5, 6=6 > B=7, D=8, N=9, T=0 You'll hear cut numbers from stations during the WPX CW contest. Particularly from Europe. Mostly, it's A=1, E=5, N=9 and T=0. The others are much less frequently heard. >"de" is the proper way to say "this is" or "from" which are the >voice equivalents. To call another station or CQ and sign >your call without the "de" is just plain lazy and sloppy operating. If you call another station with a formal sequence: , then I'd agree with you. It's more properly DE . However, there's really no need for DE in a CQ. You'll especially see the DE dropped in contest: CQ TEST AA4LR. But even CQ CQ CQ AA4LR AA4LR AA4LR is pretty easily understood. >I think it is shown in the calling sequences in the FCC regulations >as the legal way of making a call. In a formal sequence, yes, but the formal exchange isn't always necessary. In a DX pileup, Fox hunt, or contest, we don't send the other operators call at all. we just send our own. The other operators on the frequency seem to be able to figure out what's going on. >But then again, most radio club classes do not teach proper >operating technique, be it cw or voice, so we end up with > buggered operating systems. But operating procedure needs to be adaptive to the conditions and situation. Sending DE and all the callsigns and prosigns, etc, etc would be rather lengthy in a contest or DX pileup. The abbreviated procedures keep the essential elements, dropping anything redundant. Bill Coleman, AA4LR, PP-ASEL Mail: aa4lr at arrl.net +++++++++++++++++ Date: Tue, 04 Dec 2001 13:21:20 -0500 From: "David A. Belsley" Subject: [Elecraft] Re: Vaclav: try or best wishes, dave belsley, w1euy - --On Tuesday, December 4, 2001 10:06 AM -0800 Vaclav Sal wrote: > Since there was no objections to my posting of Q code questions, here it > comes. > > 1. The discussion so far confirmed my suspicion that Q code used by hams > has origins outside ARRL and ham community. No surprise here. However, I > have been unable to find the Q code description outside ARRL. The only > other source was old Czech code learning book, whose title I do not > remember - possibly military training manual in use around 1955. I > recall making fun of a code which said " Are you a freighter ship?". The > book also included "Z" code, I think, maybe a subset of QZ. I do not > recall the details. The real question is - are there any other sources > besides ARRL? > 2. In the days of crystal control UHF someone suggested to use Q code > which would indicate which way you were tuning the band to look for a > reply - especially in contests. Something like QLH - "I am tuning from > Low to High end of the band" or QHL > ...tuning from High to Low. Anybody recall these? There was an article > about this in Czech "Ameterske Radio" few years back - > mid sixties. I don't think this idea ever caught on. > 3. I have heard and used ONCE a "QQQ" code - which supposedly translates > to " got to quit transmitting right now, will explain later ". I used it > when I was in QSO and the generator started to run out of gas on field > day. I have not found any references to this code, I suspect that someone > made it up. 4. Is "55" still used by German hams? I thought it was > equivalent to "73". Any comments on that? > Thanks for letting me post these of the subject questions. 73 Vaclav AA7EJ - ---------------------------- David A. Belsley Professor of Economics +++++++++++++++++