DMR is really not that hard to use once you get your head wrapped around the basic concepts you can learn DMR.
so easy a caveman can do it

Below I'll try my best at explaining DMR without all the techo Mumbo Jumbo.

If you're getting frustrated this will help

First don’t be intimidated by the negative haters out there talking down about DMR, just because they can’t understand it or figure it out they trash talk DMR. If you can study and get a ham ticket you can learn DMR. Once you're on DMR you'll be rid of those negative people.
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DMR stands for Digital Mobile Radio or in the industrial radio world Mototrbo. DMR utilizes TDMA frequency splitting where a single frequency is split into 2 usable channels; these 2 are called time slots, there are only 2 time slots. Theoretically you can have 2 simultaneous conversations going on at the same time on a single frequency. Think of time slots as the A & B side of a dual band full duplex radio. DMR uses color codes to gain access the same as a PL tone is used. If you have the correct color code you can access the DMR repeater.
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Most DMR repeaters and hotspots run on UHF hotspots run in the 430 range although there are some dual band models that will do 2m.
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What is a ham radio MMDVM hotspot? "MMDVM" stands for Multi Media Digital Voice Modem again a fancy for for a device, basically its a small little digital repeater capable of running all digital modes used by hams.
It consists of a raspberry pi and an MMDVM hat, that's the modem and transceiver
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A hotspot gives you the freedom to connect to anything you want, when you want, for as long as you want. You won't be tying up a repeater or a time slot, you can park on very busy talk groups and not bother anyone. Most repeater owns do not allow their repeaters to connect to a really busy talk group like 91, 93, 3100, 313136 because of the heavy duty cycle strain on the machine. MMDVM repeaters are usually FM analog mobile radios or repeaters with an MMDVM hat interface that turns the old school FM analog repeater into a multi mode digital repeater, capable of running more than one digital mode like your hotspot. MMDVM repeaters are very popular because of the cost effectiveness and the flexibility. Motorola TRBO and D-Star repeaters are expensive and require expensive CPS programming software and cables. I have 3 MMDVM repeaters local to me that run DMR and D-Star, I use them both in both modes and you can't tell the difference.
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DMR networks, the biggest is BrandMeister, a global DMR server web with servers all over the globe. There are 3 USA servers, San Jose / Chicago / and Dallas. DMR repeaters connect to any of these servers and traffic from them is sent to all servers worldwide. Calls are routed using talk groups, a series of numbers that correspond with a group or geographic region or individual user. For example to call Arkansas statewide you would use talk group 3105, to call on Little Rock Metro you would use talk group 310501. To call your friend you would just use that person's DMR ID, the 7 digit number assigned by radioid.net. You can also have a private one on one conversation with another DMR user that can not be monitored by other users.
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Other network include

DMR+ IPSC2 Global Master Server List    DMR+ IPSC2 "QuadNet"    XLX    TGIF   AmComm     QuadNet System-X    FreeStar    FreeDMR    System-X


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Hoseline is a web-based application that streams audio from talk groups on the BrandMeister network. You can monitor it kind of like Broadcastify only it's free with no annoying ads. Currently it's the only network with this kind of remote monitoring.

You can use a DMR capable repeater or a hotspot, there are many types of MMDVM hotspots, the most common is the pi-star hotpots consisting of a raspberry pi and the MMDVM hat. These little devices are like having your own little low powered personal digital repeater capable of other digital modes like P-25, NXDN, DMR, D-Star. Basically what a hotspot allows you to do is talk anytime to anywhere you want from the comfort of the recliner using a low powered HT. They are connected to the DMR servers directly. If you’re lucky enough to have a DMR repeater close by you will still need to share it with others and most repeater owners frown on tying it up on a busy talk group like 91 worldwide or 3100 USA nationwide causing full duty cycle strain.

Programming most DMR or other digital radios requires  the use of CPS programming software and a cable all done on a Windows based computer. The parameters and all the configurations that run the radio are called a code plug, just a fancy name for a programming file for the radios with the frequencies and talk groups. Programming DMR radios is a lot of redundancy, adding the same repeater info over and over each time you’re adding a talk group, example below.

  • Repeater Frequency: 442.525 / 447.525    (or simplex for a hotspot 438.800)
  • Mode: digital
  • Power:    (high for repeater / low for a hotspot)
  • CC-1    (DMR pl tone)
  • TS-1    (A or B on a full duplex radio)
  • Your DMR user ID: 1234567    (Your unique ID for DMR)
  • Your Call Sign: KC5DJR
  • Talk group ID: 3105    (Talk group is like a channel)
  • Name of talk group: Arkansas Statewide
  • Name of channel: Dodd Mtn DMR-1
  • Zone number: 1
  • Zone name: Arkansas Home
  • RX Group list: 1   (Add talk groups you want to monitor)
  • Scan list:-2




DMR radios and hotspots come in all kinds of shapes and sizes with advanced fancy features, the basic DMR HT radio will run anywhere from $70 to $330 for the ham radio version or in upwards of $700 and up for a professional Motorola or Kenwood TRBO capable digital radio .

DMR MMDVM hotspots run from $60 for the basic $170 for a nice duplex dual time slot or you can get a Bridgecomm SkyBridge for around $500 an over priced fancy name is all it is, you can build one from the same parts for $150 to $180. A single pi-star hotspot can run a total of 7 different DMR networks and can also do D-Star, YSF, P-25, or NXDN as well. Not all at the same time obviously. To change networks you just switch to another zone in your radio that is programmed with the network specific talk groups.
Or You Could Build Your Own Hotspot

My personal setup consists of an Alinco DJ MD5 XLT $289 and a Boomerang HS Pro duplex MMDVM $149. I have several DMR networks in my hotspot that include
 I also run D-Star on my hotspot using my D-Star base and HT portable. I talk to people all over the globe with this low powered personal DMR repeater connected to my home Internet via a CAT-5 cable to my router.
All a hotspot needs is an Internet connection from either your home WiFi or your cell phone data. Hotspots can connect to 2.4G some of the nicer ones will also connect to 5G as well.


I can help you, I have helped a ton of hams who had ZERO DMR experience get configured and programmed, on the air talking and enjoying DMR.
Again if you can pass the ham test you can use DMR, if you’re not good with computers do not worry others are and we will help, once it’s all set up there is no need for computers or programming unless you want to modify something otherwise you will be all set.
MAC users, sorry you're out of luck with radio programming most all of the CPS is Windows only but there is a company RT Systems that makes some DMR radio programming software for MAC OS.

My collection of CPS


CQ Radio DMR Resources and Tutorials

I do have my weaknesses, I don’t know very much about OpenSpots but I know people that do.

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