// CopyStudent - demonstrate a copy constructor by
//               passing an object by value
#include <stdio.h>
#include <iostream.h>
#include <string.h>

class Student
{
  public:
    // create an initialization function
    void init(char* pszName, int nId, char* pszPreamble = "\0")
    {
        int nLength = strlen(pszName) + strlen(pszPreamble) + 1;
        this->pszName = new char[nLength];
        strcpy(this->pszName, pszPreamble);
        strcat(this->pszName, pszName);
        this->nId = nId;
    }

    //conventional constructor
    Student(char* pszName  = "no name", int nId = 0)
    {
       cout << "Constructing new student " << pszName << "\n";
       init(pszName, nId);
    }

    //copy constructor
    Student(Student &s)
    {
       cout << "Constructing Copy of " << s.pszName << "\n";
       init(s.pszName, s.nId, "Copy of ");
    }

    ~Student()
    {
       cout << "Destructing " << pszName << "\n";
       delete pszName;
    }
  protected:
    char* pszName;
    int   nId;
};

//fn - receives its argument by value
void fn(Student s)
{
    cout << "In function fn()\n";
}

int main(int nArgs, char* pszArgs[])
{
    // create a student object
    Student randy("Randy", 1234);

    // now pass it by value to fn()
    cout << "Calling fn()\n";
    fn(randy);
    cout << "Returned from fn()\n";

    // done
    return 0;
}