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dynamic binding to construct programs that are collections of interacting objects |
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object program the machine language version of a source program |
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observer an operation that allows us to observe the state of an instance of an ADT without changing it |
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one-dimensional array a structured collection of components, all of the same type, that is given a single name. Each component (array element) is accessed by an index that indicates the component's position within the collection. |
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operating system a set of programs that manages all of the computer's resources |
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out-of-bounds array index an index value that, in C++, is either less than zero or is greater than the array size minus one |
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overriding reimplementing a member function inherited from a parent class |
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parameter list a mechanism by which functions communicate with each other |
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peripheral device an input, output, or auxiliary storage device attached to a computer |
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pointer type a simple data type consisting of an unbounded set of values, each of which addresses or otherwise indicates the location of a variable of a given type. Among the operations defined on pointer variables are assignment and test for equality. |
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polymorphic operation an operation that has multiple meanings depending on the type of the object to which it is bound at run time |
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postcondition an assertion that should be true after a module has executed |
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precision the maximum number of significant digits |
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precondition an assertion that must be true before a module begins executing |
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programming planning, scheduling, or performing a task or an event |
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programming language a set of rules, symbols, and special words used to construct a program |
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promotion (widening) the conversion of a value from a lower type to a higher type according to a programming language's precedence of data types |
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range of values the interval within which values of a numeric type must fall, specified in terms of the largest and smallest allowable values |
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record (structure, in C++) a structured data type with a fixed number of components that are accessed by name, not by index. The components may be heterogeneous (of different types). |
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recursive algorithm a solution that is expressed in terms of (1) smaller instances of itself and (2) a base case |
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recursive call a function call in which the function being called is the same as the one making the call |
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recursive definition a definition in which something is defined in terms of smaller versions of itself |
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reference parameter a formal parameter that receives the location (memory address) of the caller's actual parameter |
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reference type a simple data type consisting of an unbounded set of values, each of which is the address of a variable of a given type. The only operation defined on a reference variable is initialization, after which every appearance of the variable is implicitly dereferenced. |
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representational error arithmetic error that occurs when the precision of the true result of an arithmetic operation is greater than the precision of the machine |
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reserved word a word that has special meaning in C++; it cannot be used as a programmer-defined identifier |
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scope the region of program code where it is legal to reference (use) an identifier |
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scope rules the rules that determine where in the program an identifier may be |
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