Documentation The written text and comments that make a program easier for others to understand, use, and modify.
After you write a program, you must give the computer the information or data necessary to solve the problem. Information is any knowledge that can be communicated, including abstract ideas and concepts. Data are information in a form the computer can usefor example, numbers and letters.
Information Any knowledge that can be communicated.
Data Information that has been put into a form a computer can use.
THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS
Data Representation
In a computer, data are represented electronically by pulses of electricity. Electric circuits, in their simplest form, are either on or off. Usually a circuit that is on is represented by the number 1; a circuit that is off is represented by the number 0. Any kind of data can be represented by combinations of enough 1s and 0s. We simply have to choose which combination represents each piece of data we are using. For example, we could arbitrarily choose the pattern 1101000110 to represent the name C++.
Data represented by 1s and 0s is in binary form. The binary (base-2) number system uses only 1s and 0s to represent numbers. (The decimal [base-10] number system uses
