WebMaster
XE3RN
Actualizado August 22, 2005
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WebMaster
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Modos de comunicación digital utilizada por radio aficionados
| Sound | Acronym | Description | Common Freqs | Links | Special Thanks |
| CW 20 wpm | Continuous Wave | Continous Wave is technically a modulation scheme, but the term CW is often used interchangeably with Morse Code. This sample is keyed at 20 words per minute. Many repeaters ID in Morse Code. | More info | ||
| RTTY 45 baud | Radio TeleTYpe | Sends text as 5 bit characters with no error correction. 45 baud is the Amateur standard. | 14075 KHz USB | More info | |
| RTTY 75 baud | Radio TeleTYpe | Same as above, except faster. Commonly used in weather data transfer. | 10536 kHz USB | ||
| SITOR-A | Simplex Telex Over Radio | Sends data in a two frequency mode, one for sending and one for receiving an acknowledge. The brief pause you hear in this sample is where the receiving station sends the acknowledge burst. Automatic Repeat reQuest guarantees delivery. | |||
| AMTOR ARQ | Amateur Teletype Over Radio | As above. | |||
| SITOR-B | Simplex Telex Over Radio | In this case using Forward Error Correction mode, minimizing errors. Identical format used in SITOR - SImplex Teletype Over Radio, and NAVTEX - NAVigational TEleX. | 14070, 6330, 518 kHz, respectively | ||
| AMTOR FEC | Amateur Teletype Over Radio | As above. | |||
| ROU-FEC 164.5/218.3 bd | Roumanian FEC | See above for FEC explanation. | HF band | Unknown | |
| SWED-ARQ | Swedish ARQ | As above. | HF band | ||
| PSK-31 | Phase Shift Keyed | Currently, a quite popular amateur mode providing highly readable teletext over great distances on low power on narrow bandwidth. | HF band | ||
| MFSK | Multi-Frequency Shift Keying | Sequential multi-tone data mode near 64bps. | HF band | More info | Van Lanphear |
| VFT | Voice Frequency Telegraphy | An older USAF RTTY-like data mode | HF band | ||
| Hyperfix | A military data or sounding mode. | HF band | |||
| Hyperfix | As above. | HF band | |||
| ALE | Automatic Link Establishment | Propagation sounding and messaging used by the military. | HF band | More info | |
| SSTV | Slow Scan TeleVision | Amateur video mode carries images one scan line at a time by using a frequency shift for each pixel. | 14230 kHz USB | More info | Pic from Mir on 145.985 |
| WeFax | Weather Fax | Used to send weather maps and photos primarily to ships at sea and operates similarly to SSTV | 8080 kHz USB | ||
| Packet 300 baud | Amateur Packet radio sends data in bursts at 300 baud, and waits for an acknowledge packet from the other end before sending the next packet. | 14105 kHz USB | More info | ||
| Packet 1200 baud | As above, but faster. | 144.39 NFM, 145.030 NFM | |||
| Bell 103 modem 300 baud | Used by WB9AGH weather wire in a Chicago suburb for transmission of weather info. Can be decoded with a telephone modem. | 147.060 NFM | Scott, Jerry in IL | ||
| Pactor | A sort of combination of Packet and AMTOR used by ships and Amateur Radio on HF. | HF band | |||
| 5/6 tone paging | Used for simple tone or voice pagers or ANI. This sample has 2 sequences reading 0-123456 when decoded, the first set use an optional preamble. | Steve Donnell | |||
| Golay | Named after a mathematician | Golay is a 600 baud paging signal developed by Motorola. Also, Motorola DPL uses the same protocol format as a subaudible tone set of a 23 bit repeated word sent at a 134.5 Hz rate. | Gary Gray | ||
| POCSAG 512 baud | Post Office Code Standarisation Advisory Group | A paging format originating in the UK, used widely in the US. | 152, 454, 929, and 931 MHz US | ||
| POCSAG 1200 baud | As above, only faster. | ||||
| POCSAG 2400 baud | As above, faster yet. | ||||
| FLEX | Another paging format common in the US. 2 or 4 level signalling as 1600, 3200, or 6400bd rates. | 929 and 931 MHz US | More info | ||
| ERMES | European Radio MEssage System | 6250 baud paging format used in Europe | 169MHz in France, Hungary, Malaysia | More info | |
| AFSK Paging Link | Audio Frequency Shift Keyed | At the paging Tx site, this AFSK is decoded into the "digital" FSK format (e.g, POCSAG). | 72-75 MHz US, also old mobile phone freqs | Steve D. | |
| FLEX Paging Link? | Pretty sure this is a paging link from terminal to transmitter | 940MHz US | EJ Caylor | ||
| Speedcall DTMF | Dual Tone Multi Frequency | Yep, just like telephone dial, but quite rapid. This particular use is for water utility telemetry. Also used for other signalling and over the air device activation. | About anywhere, as DTMF falls in the passband of most transceivers | anonymous in CA | |
| MODAT | Used as ANI or status indicator, precedes or follows voice. | Lindsay Blanton | |||
| GE-Star | Used as ANI or status indicator, precedes or follows voice. | 155.445 WI State Patrol D1 | Lindsay Blanton, Jake Guild | ||
| MDC1200 | Used as ANI or status indicator, precedes or follows voice. | 154.130 Milw FD | Jake Guild | ||
| MDC4800 | Mobile Data Terminals (MDTs) used in Police squads. | 858.2625, 855.7375 in Milwaukee, WI | |||
| MDC4800 (ARDIS ) | Slightly different in sound, Ardis, now Motient, is a packet switched data network for two-way data transfer. | formerly 854.8375 in Milwaukee | |||
| MDC4800 (ARDIS at 855.8375) | Somewhat different yet in sound. | 855.8375 in Milwaukee | |||
| MDC4800? | SAPOL - South Australian Police | 868.7625 MHz | Jon in Australia | ||
| RD-LAP 9600 baud | Radio Data - Link Access Protocol ? | As used by a power utility in Wisconsin. Not fully verified, note similarity to 19.2k variety. | 938.9375 in WI by WEPCo | ||
| RD-LAP 19200 baud | Radio Data - Link Access Protocol ? | Mobile Data Terminals (MDTs) used in Police squads. | 856.7375, 857.2625 in Milwaukee, also ARDIS now 854.8375 | ||
| DataRadioIP | Mobile Data Terminals (MDTs) used in Police squads. Uses IP as addressing system and allows Voice Over IP | 857.2625 Sheboygan Co, WI | More info | Mike Mannchen | |
| MMP-4800 (MDI) | Mobile Data Terminals (MDTs) used in Police squads and FedEx. Created by a company called Mobile Data International, which was purchased by Motorola. | Charles Guerin, Eric Hoefert | |||
| Gandalf Mobile Dispatch | Licensed to American United Cab in Milwaukee area, evidence of MDT usage. | 152.42 in Milwaukee, WI | Sean Douglas, anonymous | ||
| DDS 4800bd QPSK | Digital Dispatch Systems | Licensed to Yellow Cab in Milwaukee area, evidence of MDT usage, credit, GPS. | 152.33 in Milwaukee, but any NFM poss | More info | Bob Brown |
| IP MobileNet | 19.2kbps MDT system. TDMA voice capable using INVADR (formerly Electrocom) ( likely 4-level FSK with FEC, native IP communications) | 139.375 by the WI State Patrol, 852.6125 Rock Co, WI? | More Info | Barry W, Jim Korth | |
| ATCS Spec200 | Automatic Train Control System | 4800 baud data system somewhat similar to MDC4800. US Nationwide license to American Ass'n of Railroads (AAR) | Standard 6 base and 6 mobile freqs allocated nationwide US in 935-940 band. | More info | Dave Huoy |
| EOTD | End of Train Device | Used to monitor and control air pressure, etc on US trains. AAR standard 1200bd FSK protocol. | 457.9375, 452.9375 | More info | 1200/1800Hz Mark/Space |
| ARES Railroad Telemetry | Used by the BNSF railroad. Data transmission protocol is same as ACARS, datagrams same as ATCS. | 161.325, 160.365 Northern IL | More info | Dave Huoy | |
| Harmon MCS-1/2 base | As used on the CP railroad in WI on the 952MHz band, base side for signal and track control | 952.28125 in Jefferson Co, WI | Erik Coleman | ||
| Harmon MCS-1/2 wayside | As used on the CP railroad in WI on the 928MHz band, wayside for signal and track indication | 928.28125 in Jefferson Co, WI | Erik Coleman | ||
| Harmon HP-1 Railroad Codeline Base | As used on the CN/IC railroad on the 952MHz band, wayside for signal and track control | 952.18125 on CN/IC at Tolono, IL | Doug Nipper | ||
| Harmon HP-1 Railroad Codeline Wayside | As used on the CN/IC railroad on the 928MHz band, wayside for signal and track control | 928.18125 on CN/IC at Tolono, IL | Doug Nipper | ||
| Mobitex | As used in US by RAM mobile data. | 935-940 MHz band US | anonymous from UK | ||
| CDPD | Cellular Digital Packet Data | Typically uses vacant cellular voice channels to transmit 19200 baud data. FedEx apparently uses a dedicated frequency system in Chicago on 860.8625 and other freqs. | Steve Donnell | ||
| Paknet | This is another British commercial data system. It uses an X.25 access system. | 164 MHz UK | anonymous from UK | ||
| NMT-450 | Nordic Mobile Telephones control channel | It is a very primitive network (first generation) and uses analog FM with 25 KHz spacing. Similar is NMT-900. | 463-470 in Sweden | Alex Skafidas, John Kristian Snekvik, anonymous | |
| LoJack | Not sure what protocol this is, but it is used to direction find stolen vehicles and/or disable ignition. | 173.075 nationwide US | |||
| Cognito | This is another British commercial data system | 178 MHz UK | anonymous from UK | ||
| GSM digital cellular | Global System for Mobile | This form of digital voice transmission is very common in North America, Europe, and the Middle East | 890-915 MHz EU? | More info | |
| D-AMPS Cellular voice | Digital-Advanced Mobile Phone Service | The TDMA based digital standard for the legacy 800MHz cellular system in the US, allowing for 3 conversations per 30kHz channel. | 879-881 MHz US | ||
| AMPS Cellular Control Channel | Advanced Mobile Phone Service | This channel tells cell phones what channel to use for voice, and other information. | 879-881 MHz US | More info | |
| Motorola Type 1 (old) Trunking Control Channel | This 3600 baud channel is used to tell mobile radios which voice frequency to use. | 851-869 MHz band US, others | More info | ||
| Motorola Type 1 (newer) or Type 2 Trunking Control Channel | As above, but the sound here is nearly the same for newer Type 1, and all flavors of Type 2, except networked systems. | 851-869 MHz band US, others | More info | ||
| Motorola Networked Trunking Control Channel | As above, Networked, or "Smartzone" systems use Type 2 style IDs, which can span across many distinct transmitter sites over a wide area. | 851-869 MHz band US, others | More info | ||
| Motorola ASTRO APCO-25 Trunking Control Channel | This 9600 baud channel is used to tell mobile radios which voice frequency to use. ASTRO is a digital/analog voice trunked radio system. APCO-25 makes it industry standards compliant for smooth interaction with neighboring systems. | 851-869 MHz band US, others | More info | ||
| Motorola IMBE (ASTRO APCO-25 Trunked) Digital Voice | Improved Multi-Band Excitation | This is to be the Common Air Interface (CAI) specified by the APCO-25 standard. State of MI State Police, also on a 400 MHz military TRS. The military system is not using a 9600bd control channel, but seems to be using the same voice format. | More info | ||
| EDACS (Ericsson) Trunking Control Channel | This 9600 baud channel is used to tell mobile radios which voice frequency to use. | 851-869 MHz band US, others | More info | ||
| EDACS (Ericsson) Narrowband Trunking Control Channel | This 4800 baud channel is used to tell mobile radios which voice frequency to use. NIPSCO, the northern Indiana power utility has a multi-site networked system. | 935-940 MHz band US | More info | ||
| Aegis Digital Voice (Ericsson) | Digital voice format incorporated into EDACS trunked systems. | More info | Charles Guerin | ||
| VSLEP Digital Voice | Digital voice format as used by Motorola radios prior to IMBE format. | Rich Carlson | |||
| OTAR | Over The Air Re-key | Transmitted to DES capable radios to update encryption key. | 160MHz Fed Band US | Lindsay Blanton | |
| DES Encryption | Digital Encryption System? | Probably the most common encrypted digital voice format. Commonly heard on same freqs as analog voice. | 160MHz Fed Band US, various PDs | ||
| DES Encryption - Trunked | Same as DES, but on a Motorola trunked system. Note lack of high pitch at end of transmission | Motorola TRS | |||
| KY57/58 Encryption | Military Voice encryption standard, heard on aircraft/base comms here | UHF air band 376.1 AM | Mike Hein, others | ||
| Racal Cougar Voice Encryption | Voice Encryption used by military and special law enforement units. | Mostly UK. | Bob | ||
| Voice Inversion Scrambling | Simple voice inversion scrambling. Not digital, per se, but interesting. | F1 Scanner Group | Bob | ||
| TETRA | Trans-European Trunked RAdio | Digital trunked radio, primarily European | 390.2375 NFM in Spain | Miquel in Spain, Rickey Stein, and anonymous | |
| EFJ LTR Trunking Control subaudible | Logic Trunked Radio | EF Johnson trunking format. This subaudible tone sequence is used to tell mobile radios which voice frequency to use. You will need a set of HEADPHONES or speakers/amplifier with plenty of bass response to hear anything as these tones are "SUBAUDIBLE". The audible tones you hear is just a telephone ring. | 851-869 MHz band US, others | Bruce in Colorado | |
| M/A-Com - OpenSky Digital Trunking | See CDPD, above | Apparently uses CDPD signalling with voice AMBE CODEC from DVSI | 851-869 MHz band Pennsylvania state system | More info | http://www.wpascanner.com/ |
| 220 MHz SEA LTR Trunking Control pilot tone | Logic Trunked Radio | As heard in NFM, but actually uses ACSB (similar to SSB) for voice comms. The pilot tone is transmitted about every 10 seconds. In Milwaukee, 220.0125 is one frequency, but you may have to tune up or down a bit to hear it. Sorry for the scratchy copy, I'll work on a better sample. | 220-222 MHz ACSB | ||
| GE MARC-V Trunking | A trunking system which does not use a control channel. No longer implemented in the US, some systems linger. | More info | Isidoro Hernandez, Carolina, Puerto Rico. Also Matthew Sadler. | ||
| Midland CMS Trunking Control | In Jasper, IN area, also in Ottawa, Ont. David confirmed the type. | 857.0875Mhz in Jasper, IN | Chris in IN, David Harris in Ont | ||
| MPT 1327 Trunking Control Channel | Ministry of Post and Telecom | This format is very common in European countries, Australia, and South Africa. Might be commonly referred to as TaitNet. This channel is used to tell mobile radios which voice frequency to use. | More info | More info | anonymous from UK |
| MPT1317 | A data format found in the UK. It is a variant of MPT1327. | 86.5875 MHz UK | anonymous from UK | ||
| Motorola iDen (Nextel) | A digital modulation scheme used by the Nextel digital cellular system. | 851-869 MHz band US | More info | ||
| ACARS | Aircraft Communications And Reporting System | Used to transmit aircraft waypoint, temperature, performance, and other data between to and from the ground station. | 131.55 MHz AM | More info | |
| SCADA telemetry | Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition | Technically this isn't a mode, but a generic term for a data acquistion means. Some of possible data protocols are SC-1801, Harris 5000/6000/XA-21, Telegyr 8979, TRW-9550, and PERT 26/31. This particular signal is heard in the Milwaukee, Wisconsin area. It is a wide signal spanning 952.250 thru 952.750 MHz with this audio being recorded from the center of 952.500 MHz WFM. I have observed directional 900MHz antennas in use at various utility shacks, so I suppose it could be monitoring or control telemetry from these. | 952.50625 MHz WEPCo | anonymous local | |
| SSR | Secondary Surveillance Radar | used to transmit an aircraft's ID number and altitude to ground controllers. It is otherwise known as a transponder and the transmissions are referred to as "squawks". Aircraft squawk on 1090 MHz when interrogated by ground radar. Listen in SSB or AM mode. | 1030, 1090 MHz | ||
| DMB | Data Marker Buoy | US Coast Guard drops these beacons to pinpoint Search And Rescue positions and monitor drift of wreckage. Continuous tones. This one was set to 242.65 MHz. I'm told ELT's on 121.5 sound the same. | 243, 121.5 MHz AM | ||
| EAS | Emergency Alert System | tone sequence which has replaced the old EBS annoying tone. These new tones will be used on commercial and National Weather Service radio stations and carry location-specific emergency messages (SAME). | 162.4-162.55 MHz FM, bcast radio | ||
| CompuLert FSK-FM | Frequency Shift Keying | Low speed FSK telemetry to monitor and sound warning sirens. Milw. Co. Emergency Management uses it for tornado siren telemetry. Voice is also on this freq. | 453.375 Milwaukee, WI | More info | |
| Zetron Model 6/26 | 1200 baud FSK telemetry for fire station alerting. | 154.175 Waukesha, WI | More info | Frank Monaco | |
| Radionics Safecom | Alarm system telemetry. | ? | Jon in Australia | ||
| GPS RTK | Global Positioning Satellite Real-Time Kinematics | Not sure if this is a standard protocol, but the signal is definitely being transmitted from a GPS survey unit to improve accuracy, as close as 1 cm | various | More Info | |
| TAG CTX330 F1 Telemetry | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | F1 Scanner Group | Bob | ||
| Magneti Marelli F1 Telemetry | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | F1 Scanner Group | Bob | ||
| Magneti Marelli F1 Telemetry | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | F1 Scanner Group | Bob | ||
| Magneti Marelli F1 Telemetry | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | F1 Scanner Group | Bob | ||
| Pi Research Pi96 Fq Telemetry | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | F1 Scanner Group | Bob | ||
| Pi Research Pi96 Fq Telemetry | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | F1 Scanner Group | Bob | ||
| Pi Research Pi96 Fq Telemetry | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | F1 Scanner Group | Bob | ||
| TAG CTX400 F1 Telemetry | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | F1 Scanner Group | Bob | ||
| TAG CTX400 F1 Telemetry | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | F1 Scanner Group | Bob | ||
| Magneti Marelli Step 9 ECU | Engine Control Unit | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | 400.825 in Canada | Charles in Montreal, Bob | |
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| Mysteries! | Heard from home or as noted. | ||||
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| Mystery Railroad Codeline - Base | As used on the CN railroad on the ex-IC Dubuque Sub on the 941MHz band, base side for signal and track control | 932.34375 at Freeport, IL | |||
| Mystery Railroad Codeline - Wayside | As used on the CN railroad on the ex-IC Dubuque Sub on the 932MHz band, base side for signal and track control | 941.34375 at Freeport, IL | |||
| Mystery Railroad Codeline | As used on the P&L RR in Kentucy for signal and track control | 160.455 on the P&L | Chris Dees | ||
| Union Switch & Signal 550 Flexicode base | As used on the UP railroad on the 952MHz band, wayside for signal and track control | 952.13125 on the UP at Ellis, IL | Doug Nipper (sample) Anonymous
(ID) |
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| Union Switch & Signal 550 Flexicode wayside | As used on the UP railroad on the 928MHz band, wayside for signal and track indication | 928.13125 on the UP at Ellis, IL | Doug Nipper (sample) Anonymous
(ID) |
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| Mystery 864.0875 | As used on an LTR trunked system in Milwaukee, probably an MDT of sorts. | ||||
| Mystery FAA Windshear telemetry | As used at the Madison airport for a type of weather conditions monitoring system. 6 bursts from different transmitters, with about a 20 second pause between cycles. | 162.275 in Madison, WI | |||
| Mystery 152.54 | As used on what used to be an Ameritech IMTS frequency. | ||||
| Mystery 453.375 | Heard from a distance, a constant tone. | ||||
| Mystery 154.46375 | Power/water utility telemetry, at least in Northern IL, is used to control "power line caps (capacitors)" which compensate for load varitions in the power grid. | 154.45635, 154.46375, 154.47135, 154.47885 US allocations | anonymous in IL, please remind me what the "name" of the protocol or mode is. | ||
| Mystery 467.9 | Data from survey equipment as used by Edgerton Contractors levelling a grade, hand-held style radio visible attached to portable unit | ||||
| Mystery QuickSilver | QuickSilver Couriers MDTs on 864.7375 and others on an LTR trunked system in Milwaukee. | ||||
| Mystery MCTS | Milwaukee County Transit System uses this data for AVL fixes and misc MDT stuff. | ||||
| Mystery VSELP? | Pretty sure this is VSELP (Vector Sum Excited Linear Prediction) digital voice. Used in conventional mode on a MI gas utility on 451.075 and reported as used by the Secret Service in PA. | Michael in PA | |||
| Mystery MDT | Licensed and confirmed to Wisconsin Gas in Milwaukee area, evidence of MDT usage. | ||||
| Mystery RD-LAP? | Licensed to MI Gas in Grand Rapids area. Sounds like RD-LAP at an odd bit rate. | ||||
| Mystery MDT | Licensed to John Aegerter in Milwaukee area, evidence of MDT usage, possibly Butler, WI PD. Possibly Cerulean brand Packet-Cluster MDT service, maybe transported by a DataRadio RF modem. | 152.69 in Milwaukee, WI, others | More info | Bob Brown | |
| Mystery MDT | Believed to be a Motorola MDT format. | 453.1 in Hidalgo Co, TX | T. in TX | ||
| Mystery ANI or squelch system? | Possible squelch system used at end of transmission for mobiles. | Dan Morley | |||
| Mystery | Telemetry? In Jasper, IN area. | Chris in IN | |||
| Mystery digital voice | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit | 414.175 in Canada | Charles in Montreal | ||
| Mystery telem/voice | Formula 1 Grand Prix car to pit, possibly scrambled, possible interspersed telemetry | 457.275 in Canada | Charles in Montreal | ||
| Mystery telemetry | Possible survey data from local municipality. | 452.825 in Milwaukee, WI | |||
| Mystery status box | As used by a cement truck firm. | 452.25 in Milwaukee, WI | |||
| Ontario Provincial Police Trunking | VHF Modat trunking based on MDC1200 | As heard in Canada. Marker channel. System phasing out in favor of ASTRO trunked. | 141.450 in Canada | recording in AM? | Paulo Lima in Canada, David Harris |
| Mystery telemetry | BC Forest Service weather telemetry | 402.0375 in Salmo, BC | Neil Walker in BC | ||
| Mystery Utility telemetry | Utilicorp Canada | 155.325 in Trail, BC | Neil Walker in BC | ||
| Mystery telemetry | Teck-Cominco | 457.0125 in Trail, BC | Neil Walker in BC | ||
| Mystery MDT | Used by police in Netherlands | Huub Roem | |||
| Mystery | Possible hospital paging, sent every minute | 29.9 NFM in Norway | John Kristian Snekvik | ||
| Mystery | Possible security company freq | 142.425 NFM in Norway | John Kristian Snekvik | ||
| Mystery (ISS?) | Possible xmission from International Space Station's Russian Zvezda module | 143.625 NFM in Norway | John Kristian Snekvik | ||
| Mystery telemetry | Possible power plant telem (Trondheim?) | 166.250 NFM in Norway | John Kristian Snekvik | ||
| Mystery Trunked Radio System | Norwegian Railways - Possible trunked system? | 467.700 NFM in Norway | John Kristian Snekvik, Martin Kristiansen | ||
| Mystery | Possible trunked system | 834.025 NFM in Norway | John Kristian Snekvik | ||
| Mystery | Military in Netherlands? | 455 MHz band in Netherlands | Hans | ||
| Mystery | Something in Canada? | 424.3125 heard from Niagara Falls area | Mike Trank | ||
| Mystery Fire Dispatch | Used over an EDACS trunked talkgroup for FD station dispatch data. Sounds like AX.25 but does not decode. | Hartford, CT EDACS system | Chris Gordon | ||
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WebMaster XE3RN Ing. Javier Gómez Villalpando Tel. cel. 993-1-30-75-79 |
