The radio spectrum (range of frequencies) is divided into many "bands" licensed for use for specific purposes: government (military, police, fire, navigation, etc.), commercial (radio and TV broadcast, cellular and satellite telephones, mobile dispatching, etc.) -- and amateur or private radio services. These frequency allocations are coordinated with other countries around the world.

The amateur radio service was authorized nearly 100 years ago and has been a popular hobby and the development grounds for many innovations in radio and related technologies. Early in its history, the amateur service came to be known as Ham Radio , for reasons still argued today.

An excellent summary of Ham Radio, including sound clips, may be found at this ARRL site.

Is it like CB radio?

In the limited sense that it allows private citizens to use radio frequencies for communications, it is. But there the resemblance ends! CB (Citizens Band) is intended for U.S. citizens' use for short range communications without a requirement for knowledge of the technology. Low power transmission in a restricted band of frequencies is all that is available to CB'ers, who are not required to obtain FCC licenses.

Ham radio is very different. Higher transmitter power and a wide band of frequencies permit "hams" to communicate literally around the world, either directly or via amateur satellites and repeater stations. But hams are required to pass an examination demonstrating their knowledge of the law and of radio technology, and for some license classes, demonstration of a basic ability to read Morse code, then they are issued a license by the FCC (Federal Communications Commission), authorizing certain operating privileges, depending on the class of license.

Why would I want to become involved in Ham Radio?

Ham radio is quite unique among hobbies, in that it really covers a cluster of many different interests. Some hams are technically oriented and enjoy experimenting, building equipment and antennas, discovering new facets about radio communication. Others want to participate in operating contests, perhaps trying to make the most radio contacts within a specified time period. Very long distance ("DX") operations appeal to others. Some are interested in digital communications or amateur television. Many hams are committed to public service , volunteering their skills, experience and equipment to establish communications quickly after a major disaster, such as an earthquake. And some simply enjoy social contacts with family and friends who are hams. What part of amateur communications appeals to YOU?

Is it an expensive hobby?

It can be, but not necessarily. Those who can afford to buy the latest sophisticated radio transceivers can easily spend thousands of dollars, but smaller, older equipment can often be found at Flea Markets at very reasonable prices. For some bands, it is practical to build your own equipment if you are experienced with electronics. It would be possible to find used VHF and UHF * handheld transceivers for not much over a hundred dollars in many cities. That would be enough to get started.

How can I get started?

All amateur radio operators must have an FCC license. Licenses are issued by the FCC upon passing examinations conducted by volunteer examiners at frequent intervals. As of April 15, 2000, Amateur licenses will be issued in 3 classes: Technician, General and Extra. Morse code skill at 5 words a minute is required for General and Extra class. All classes must pass written examinations, which are more difficult for the higher classes. More detailed information is available at this ARRL website.