AGARIA :-  The Agaria caste have mostly migrated to Sambalpur from outside the district. The Agarias are a class of industrious and cultivators. They are mostly found in Kuchinda area in the district.

BHANDARI :-  This is the Barbar caste of the district. The main occupation of this caste is shaving and serving the higher caste people on ceremonial occasions.

BHULIAS :- The Bhulias by  caste are improtant in  the district. They weave fine cotton cloth with colourful borders.The Sambalpuri sarees for which the whole district is known Natioally and Internationally are the hand made products of the Bhulias.

BINJHAL :- The Binjhals are the earliest inhabitants  of the district. They are originally from Vindhyanchal range. Most of the Binjhals are cultivators and rest are field labourers.

BRAHMIN :-  The Brahmins are the most influential and leading community in the district. There are three main classes of Brahmins. They are (a). Jharua, known as Aranyakas (b). Oriya, known as Utkaliyas and (c). Raghunathias or known as Bhimgirias or Nathas.

DHOBA :-  They belong to washermen caste. Their services are indispensable on the occasions of Child birth and in mortuary rites.

GANDA :-  Economically Gandas are very backward. They work as professional Pipers and Drummers and are employed as Musicians in Marriage Ceremonies. They wear coarse cloth and generally work as village watchman. They belong to SC community.

GOND :-  Gonds are the most important tribe of Sambalpur. They were very much influential in this part of Orissa. A large no. of Zamindaris of Sambalpur were in the hands of the Gonds. The Gonds are of small structure and dark in colour with sound health. Gonds are very fond of hunting. Now a days they are engaged in Agriculture.

GOUD :-  The Gouds in the district are most vital for necessity of the socity. Cattle rearing is the main occupation of the Gouds. A Goud is called Nariha who supplies drinking water.               

GUDIA :-  The occupation of the Gudia caste is to prepare sweets. They prepare special sweets on various ceremonial occasions.

KAMAR :-  Kamaras are the blacksmith of the district, popularly known as Luhura.

KARAN :-  Karans are the writer caste of Orissa. They constitute also an influential class in the caste system.

KEUTA :-  The boatmen and the fishermen are called Keuta. A small proportion of this caste are engaged in cultivation. The women folk are engaged in preparation of Murhi, Lia and Chura etc.

KHUMBHAR: The Khumbhara are the potters maker, presently they have chosen other activities as well. 

KULI :-  The Kulis are weavers who are mainly distributed in the district. 

MIRDHA :-  Mirdha is a small Dravidian tribe found in Sambalpur. The main occupation of the tribe is digging earth.

SOURA :-  Souras generally live near the Forest. They are of two kinds, (a). Laria & (b). Oriya.

SUNARI :-  The Sunaris work in both Gold and Silver Ornaments used by the womenfolk of the district.

TELI :-  The traditional occupation of this caste is procurement of oil through pressing of oil seeds. Now a days due to establishment of Oil Mills these people are engaged in petty business and cultivation