From netcomsv!decwrl!uunet!destroyer!cs.ubc.ca!alberta!nebulus!ve6mgs!rec-radio-info Sat Jun 19 08:41:09 PDT 1993 Article: 41933 of rec.radio.amateur.misc Xref: netcom.com rec.radio.amateur.misc:41933 rec.radio.info:1491 Newsgroups: rec.radio.amateur.misc,rec.radio.info From: brian@amdcl2.amd.com (Brian McMinn) Subject: Yaesu FT-5100/5200 mods, Rev D Organization: Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., Austin, TX. Date: Wed, 16 Jun 1993 10:11:47 GMT Path: netcom.com!netcomsv!decwrl!uunet!destroyer!cs.ubc.ca!alberta!nebulus!ve6mgs!rec-radio-info Message-ID: Lines: 669 Followup-To: rec.radio.amateur.misc Approved: rec-radio-info@ve6mgs.ampr.ab.ca -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Yaesu FT-5100/FT-5200 MODS Rev D (11 June 1993) This is a collection of hardware and software mods for the Yaesu 5100/5200 pair. I have the 5100, so I can't verify these for the 5200. I have collected every mod seen on the net (ie. Usenet) since the introduction of the 5100, so I think this list is fairly complete. I am interested in getting updates and corrections to this list, so please send me e-mail if you find something that needs updating. (This includes typos, wrong or missing attributions, caveats, warnings about unmentioned side effects, serial numbers of radios that won't do some of these mods, etc.) SOME OF THESE MODIFICATIONS MAY DAMAGE YOUR RADIO IF YOU PERFORM THEM IMPROPERLY. WHEN IN DOUBT, DO NOT PERFORM THE MODIFICATION. This advice is free, so remember that you get what you pay for. Brian McMinn (brian.mcminn@amd.com) N5PSS 512-462-5389 -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- General Review (5100): Since Yaesu's advertising has already made the good points known, I'll concentrate on the warts and shortcomings. Dual In-Band Receive: works as advertised except for sensitivity. The "main" receiver works very well. The "sub" receiver works very well when tuned to the opposite band from the "main" receiver. When tuned to the same band, the "sub" receiver suffers from slightly lower sensitivity in the ham bands and greatly reduced sensitivity out of the ham bands. There is a 2m VCO/PLL/IF and a 70cm VCO/PLL/IF. I assume that dual in band receive is done with the opposite band's receiver. This would explain the poor sensitivity, but it sure raises some questions about how the duplexer works. I expected a type "N" connector, the radio came with UHF. Control wart: (are you listening Yaesu?) You can only transmit on the "main" (ie. left) side of the radio. When both 2m and 70cm receive are active, you change bands with the "BAND" button. This swaps the left and right displays. When dual in-band receive is active, the "BAND" button changes both the main and sub receivers from 2m to 440 or from 440 to 2m. Arrrgh!!!! I would prefer a "SWAP" button to swap left and right regardless of mode. (The "SUB" button is used instead.) Automatic backlight dim: works as advertised but the backlight level under low ambient lighting is WAY too low. Manual control is the best solution. DTMF page: works as advertized, but the *&%$#@ thing insists on "ringing" like a phone EVERY time it receives the page sequence. This means that you have to co-ordinate with the other station to turn the *&%$#@ DTMF stuff off at the same time or tolerate the "ring" at the start of every receive. CTCSS decode: squelch opens quickly when normal CTCSS decode (an option) is enabled. There is a CTCSS page function that has a distinct delay between receipt of carrier with CTCSS and open squelch. I don't yet understand the use of this "feature." There is no SCAN button on the front panel. Scan is initiated by holding the up or down button of the mike down for two seconds. The scan is blindingly fast when compared to the Alinco 590 that I used to have. Memory: memory is divided into four "banks." Two for VHF, two for UHF. Only one bank can be active for each receiver. I consider this an advantage, but you may not. There are two obvious (to me) uses for this configuration. First, you can store frequencies for different uses in different banks. Second, you can activate one 2m(440) bank in the main receiver and one the other 2m(440) bank in the other receiver and scan them simultaneously. Heat management: After seeing the HUGE heat sink on the back of the Alinco 590, the Yaesu 5100's sink seems too small. In a key down experiment, the heat sink of the Yaesu got almost too hot to touch before the fan kicked on. If I were planning to run a packet station, I would definitely look into some extra forced air over the back of this one. As it is, I'm a bit concerned about how hot it will get mounted in my dashboard. [Others people don't seem to have this problem.] DTMF Decode and Scan: If you have CTCSS decode (an option) enabled on a memory and you are scanning and there is activity on that frequency but without the correct CTCSS tone, the 5100 stops scan, flashes the strength meter and then continues scanning. It is slower than normal scan, but still quite fast. Attributed: Brian McMinn, N5PSS, brian.mcminn@amd.com -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Backlight Control: Effect: manual control of backlight 1) Hold down the MHZ key and turn radio on 2) Use tuning knob to adjust brightness 3) When FUNC is active, the tuning knob will adjust brightness again. 4) You can restore automatic control by repeating step 1. Notes: Manual is fuzzy on this feature. Attributed: Yaesu -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Crossband Repeat (reported as working on 5100 and 5200): Effect: Enable crossband repeat [ed -- Note that there is a 5200 specific crossband mod that appears later in this list -- I don't own a 5200, so I can't test either. This key sequence works on my 5100.] 1) Dial up two frequencies you want to crosslink (be sure to pay attention to transmit offsets, if any) 2) Turn radio off. 3) Hold down the RPT key and turn radio on Result: The tone encode/decode flags and the -+ flags will be flashing and the radio will be in low power mode. When either band's squelch opens, the other band is moved into the primary frequency display and the transmitter keys. Audio link appears to be speaker to mike. Exit crossband repeat mode by repeating steps 2 and 3 above. Attributed: Yaesu -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Transmitter Timeout: Effect: automatically limit transmitter "on" time 1) Hold down the HIGH/LOW button and turn radio on 2) Use tuning knob to change the number in left VFO. This number is number of minutes for the timeout timer. The factory default appears to be 15 minutes. 3) Transmitter shuts off with "Err" displayed in VFO if the time limit is exceeded. Attributed: Bill Mayhew, N8WED, wtm@uhura.neoucom.edu -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Tech Manual: The technical manual for the 5100 is [information wise] pretty spare. No additional operating notes or hidden secrets are revealed. It is worthwhile for the alignment notes and complete parts list. Call the number in your owners manual to order. Attributed: Bill Mayhew, N8WED, wtm@uhura.neoucom.edu -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- DTMF decoding: Effect: display decoded DTMF tones Note: [ed] this works on the FT-530, but not on my 5100. I'm including it here on the chance that it works on the 5200. Please try it on your 5200 (or 5100) and tell me if it works for you. 1) Select frequency and turn on the code squelch 2) Press Function-Page(Code) to select a code memory 3) Dial up to memory #7 [the 5100 won't do this] 4) Watch the dtmf's scroll by as they are heard by the radio! Attributed: jmeyers@ecst.csuchico.edu (Jeff Meyers) -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Crossband Audio Enhancement: Effect: unmuffle crossband audio Connect a 27K ohm resistor between the audio-in and audio-out leads on the data jack (inside the shell of a mini plug, that is). The mic element stays live while in crossband operation. It is a good idea to remove the mic from the rig while cross banding if you need/want to eliminate ambient audio. Attributed: Bill Mayhew, N8WED, wtm@uhura.neoucom.edu -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Wireless Mike (review): The wireless mike sends audio over 49.85MHz, so it is can't be used in high RF environments (like near computers). It duplicates ALL front panel controls with the exception of the power button. It interfaces to the rig via a standard mic plug. The receiving unit is only about 1'h x 2w x 1/2d. [ed] The implications of this are that the entire radio can be controlled via the microphone port! Too bad there isn't a fancy *wired* mike with all the controls on it. Several people have reported trouble with the mike -- enough trouble for them to return it because of poor range and poor audio. It works well if you sit on top of the pickup unit, but then you don't need a wireless mike. Attributed: Tony Pelliccio, KD1NR system@garlic.sbs.com -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- The "P" Key on the microphone: I was curious about that "P" key on my FT-5100, so I called Yaesu and they explained the situation. They designed the the mic to accommodate "future products". The "P" key is there to be taken advantage of at a later date by other models. They just did not want to re-design the mic again within a short period of time. Attributed: Will Collier, KB5WRK, COLLIER@gallant.apple.com -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Expanded Receive (5100): Good Effect: enable extended receive coverage New range: 128-180MHz and 420-475MHz Bad Effect: disable automatic repeater shift selection. Warning: This mod does not apply to the FT-5200 as the design is somewhat different. Warning: You must have a very steady hand or else! A magnifying glass would help too. 1) Disconnect DC Power cable from radio. ALWAYS! **Caution** NEVER TRY TO TAKE APART (DISASSEMBLE) THE FRONT CONTROL HEAD. It will void your warranty. 2) Remove (6) screws from Top Cover of Radio and (6) screws from Bottom Cover of radio. 3) Remove Top & Bottom Covers from Radio (Be careful of speaker falling out). 4) Remove the (2) silver screws on each side of the radio holding front control head to main body of radio. 5) Carefully pull away (a few inches) the Control Head from the radio body. CAREFUL with the Ribbon Cables. **NOTE** There are no numbers on the circuit board so you will have to match up with the diagram below. 6) On the rear of the Control head locate, Unsolder and remove jumper Pad R4072. 7) Solder across jumper pads: R4070 R4068 & R4064 (use wire or 0 Ohm resistor) **NOTE** If you want to change the D/MR button on the microphone to do Band Switching, now is the time. See the next mod. 8) Install front control head, speaker, top and bottom covers and reconnect power to the radio. 9) Press and hold [D/MR] [F/W] [REV] keys and turn on the radio. Radio will now show 300.000 & 20.000 on display. 10) Set UHF Rx Low - Press [MHz] and dial 420.00, press [D/MR] 11) Set UHF Rx High- Press [MHz] and dial 475.00, press [D/MR] 12) Set UHF Tx Low - Press [MHz] and dial 420.00, press [D/MR] 13) Set UHF Tx High- Press [MHz] and dial 450.00, press [D/MR] 14) Set VHF Rx Low - Press [MHz] and dial 128.00, press [D/MR] 15) Set VHF Rx High- Press [MHz] and dial 180.00, press [D/MR] 16) Set VHF Tx Low - Press [MHz] and dial 140.00, press [D/MR] 17) Set VHF Tx High- Press [MHz] and dial 150.00, press [D/MR] 18) Set UHF offset - Press [F/W] then [RPT] dial 5.000 press [RPT] 19) Set UHF tuning - Press [F/W] then [REV] dial 25.0 press [RPT] 20) Set VHF offset - Press [F/W] then [RPT] dial 0.600 press [RPT] 19) Set VHF tuning - Press [F/W] then [REV] dial 20.0 press [RPT] (VHF tuning step varies by state -- many use 15.0) Diagram: [there are no tabs in this section - ed] Ok, here's where it gets tricky, but so you know, a '|' represents a jumper. !Ribbon ! !Ribbon ! !Cable ! !Cable ! ____!J4002 !_______________________!J4001 !_____________ ! !________! !________! ! ! Rear view of FT-5100 ! ! ____ Control Head. ! ! ! ! ! ! !__! | | | | | ! ! | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ! ! R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R ! ! 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 ! ! 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ! ! 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 0 0 0 ! ! 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 1 3 4 ! !__________________________________________________________! Stock US Jumpers After Mod. Jumpers R4001 R4001 R4003 R4003 R4004 R4004 R4051 R4051 R4061 R4061 R4062 R4062 R4064 R4067 <- for D/MR button mod R4068 R4070 R4072 This mod is on Delphi as FT5100.MOD and on anomaly.sbs.com. Attributed: Tony Pelliccio, KD1NR system@garlic.sbs.com -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Band Switching via D/MR button on microphone (5100): Effect: D/MR button on microphone performs band switching rather than D/MR function. 1-5) as in above mod 6) Remove the jumper on Pad R4067 7) skip above step 7 8) continue with step 8 above Attributed: Tony Pelliccio, KD1NR system@garlic.sbs.com -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- [end of mod sheet Rev B] -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Band Switching or Tone Burst via D/MR button on microphone (5200): Effect: change function of D/MR button on mike. This is based on information from Yaesu in Japan. The functions of pin 5 (the microphone button) can be altered by changing jumpers in the control head. To find these jumpers, see the section on packet radio in the ordinary instruction book. Control Head Jumper No Pin 5 Function Closed Jumper Marked By X 1 2 3 4 5 D/MR X Band X 1750Hz Tone Burst X X Main band Busy Out X Sub band Busy Out X Call Channel X X Main / Sub band busy out - When open SQL = 5 Volt DC Closed SQL = 0 Volt DC [ed - I'm not sure what this means since I don't own a 5200] Attributed: John Newgas, G7LTQ jnewgas@cix.compulink.co.uk, g7ltq@g7ltq.ampr.org -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Mute Level (5200): Effect: [ed - I'm not really sure] See above for location of jumpers, etc. Mute Level Selection 1 2 3 4 5 No Mute Minimum X Middle X Maximum X X Attributed: John Newgas, G7LTQ jnewgas@cix.compulink.co.uk g7ltq@g7ltq.ampr.org -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Crossband Repeat (5200): Effect: crossband repeater Bad effect: CTCSS function is lost [ed -- there is another crossband mod in this list...] This is based on information from Yaesu in Japan. These jumpers are located in the main radio case. For location, refer to the FT5200 Technical Guide. 1) Remove (open) JP5017 on the interface unit 2) Press and hold PRI button while switching on the power. 3) The FT5200 will now work as a cross band repeater. 4) The CTCSS function will be lost. Attributed: John Newgas, G7LTQ jnewgas@cix.compulink.co.uk g7ltq@g7ltq.ampr.org -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Extended Frequency Range (5200): Effect: set receive and transmit range. Bad effect: ARS gone. This is based on information from Yaesu in Japan. These jumpers are located in the main radio case. For location, refer to the FT5200 Technical Guide. 1) Close (short) JP5001, JP5002, JP5003, JP5006 and JP5007 2) Remove (open) JP5004 and JP5005 The frequency range possible will now be approximately : VHF Rx 110 - 180 MHz Tx 130 - 180 MHz UHF Rx 330 - 480 MHz Tx 425 - 465 Mhz The radio's alignment was done at the factory for your original frequency bands and so there will not be optimum behavior outside these ranges. Broadening the alignment will sacrifice performance at usual frequencies. In practice, the alignment does not need adjustment. You can program the frequency limits now. [ed - note the similarity (and dissimilarity!) to the 5100's program-limit sequence above] 3) Press and hold [D/MR] [F/W] [REV] keys and turn radio on. 4) Program in VHF low edge of Rx VHF high edge of Rx VHF low edge of Tx VHF high edge of Tx 5) Repeat for UHF in the same order. I [John] have not done this so I can give no further advice on programming. Attributed: John Newgas, G7LTQ jnewgas@cix.compulink.co.uk g7ltq@g7ltq.ampr.org -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Extended Frequency Range (5200): [ed - yes, there are two mods and I include them both since they are so different in style (and perhaps content).] Effect: set receive and transmit range. Bad effect: ARS gone. The following explains how to expand the receive and transmit frequency range of the Yaesu FT-5200 and how to enable the cross- band repeater operation. All the modifications are carried out on the interface board and involve removing or adding links on jumper spots. You will get considerably increased receive and transmit coverage; however, you will lose the Automatic Repeater Shift (ARS) feature. You may think this is an acceptable price. Finally, it should be obvious, but during this procedure you will obviously lose any stored memories. 1) Remove the control head and set on one side 2) Remove the upper and lower covers on the main chassis. For convenience, remove the speaker, noting which way the two pin pcb connector is oriented. [ed -- does it matter?] 3) Remove two side screws holding on the front of the chassis and remove chassis front. (The chassis front is the surface with the contacts for the control head.) 4) Locate a double row of ten by two jumper spots, numbered 1 to 20. The jumper configurations will depend on the area for which the rig was intended. Note the arrangement if you ever want to un-modify your radio. 5) Using a fine-tip soldering iron, set the jumper spots as follows: 1 closed 2 closed 3 closed 4 open 5 closed 6 closed 7 closed 6) This completes the alteration for frequency expansion. Reassemble the radio. 7) Reinitialise the radio by simultaneously holding D/MR, F/W, REV and POWER. You must now program in the band limits. The display will show a blinking "1" in the left-hand memory box and "000.000" in the left-hand frequency display. (Ignore the right-hand display for now). The following limits are suggested, but the RF circuitry of the rig will only cover slightly less. Use the dial or up/down buttons to select the frequency and then press D/MR to store it. The blinking "1" will increment. VHF rx: 137.000 174.000 VHF tx: 137.000 174.000 (display will show blinking "1" and "300.000") UHF rx: 410.000 470.000 UHF tx: 410.000 470.000 (Note: it is possible to set the RX limits wider than the TX limits; for obvious reasons you cannot have the reverse situation). 8) You can repeat step 7 above at any time if you need to change the limits. 9) The pre-set repeater offsets are now no longer available and you will have to set them up manually using the instructions on page 16 of the manual. The Automatic Repeater Shift (ARS) feature (also on page 16 of the manual) will also have disappeared and you will have no way of getting it back (except by changing the jumpers back). To enable the crossband repeat, remove the link at jumper spot 17. (Note, just below jumper spot 17 is a separate jumper spot, not part of the group of twenty - leave this alone). Attributed: Hugo Cornwall -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Cross Band Repeater (5200) Effect: enable crossband repeat [ed - this is a continuation of the above] 1) You can enable the crossband repeater without altering the frequency coverage. The only hardware alteration is the removal of link 17. 2) To enable, turn on rig while holding down [RPT] button. The rig is now a crossband repeater - you will get confirmation of this from the display: the 100s position on the two frequency displays will be replaced by a "R". 3) While in cross-band repeater mode you can change the frequencies of each band. 4) The crossband repeater suffers from desense. It works better at low power and even better if you use an external diplexer and separate antennas. The more isolation between the two bands, the better. As with all cross-band repeaters, results will be poor if the UHF frequency is a direct multiple of the VHF frequency. If you are planning extended use of a crossband repeater, make extra sure that the rig is adequately ventilated. =========================================================================== Remote Control Mike Interface (5100, maybe 5200): Effect: remote (wired) control of radio The Remote Control Mike (from Yaesu) uses a serial data stream interface in the microphone jack to control the 5100. This simple hardware interface allows a computer to control the 5100 in the same way. It is somewhat similar to the CAT interface I have built for my FT-757 HF rig, but mostly like the interface described in the FT-912R manual (loaned to me via a friend from Yaesu). When using my PC as the source for the serial data, I used a MAX232 chip for a level conversion between the +/- 12 volts levels on the computer and the 0-5 volt levels on the radio. The serial data parameters are 4800 N82. The commands sent to the radio are simple one byte instructions. The RMC mode ON command (16) must be sent before any other command. When the RMC mode is ON, a small LCD "RMC" icon will light on the display (see owners manual under Display). Also, the Vol, Sql, and Bal knobs are disabled when in the RMC mode because they will be controlled via serial commands, but all other buttons are still active. The commands are as follows: 0 - RPT 12 - CALL 24 - SQL Up 2 - REV 14 - BAND 26 - VOL Up 4 - MHZ 16 - RMC 28 - BAL Right 6 - D/MR 18 - SUB 30 - BAL Left 8 - TONE 20 - PAGE 32 - SQL Down 10 - LOW 22 - F/W 33 - VOL Down The interface I built simply wired mike port pin 7 to serial ground and pins 1 and 3 each through a diode then together, to the serial source. Note: I am not a hardware person! Use this hardware at your own risk. +----1 7-------------- GND | 2 8 6 (These can be connected to a MAX232 | +--3 5 +-+-------- SER IN or the FIF-232C pins 1 and 3) | | 4 | | | +--->|---+ | +----->|-----+ You can wire 1 and 3 together first, then through 1 diode, but that disables the UP and DOWN buttons. I'll continue to study this more. If anyone would like to know more, or has any corrections or feedback, please email me. Attributed: Byon Garrabrant, KD6BCH byon@csulb.edu -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- [end of mod sheet Rev C] -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- Wireless Mike Problem: Effect: Unexpected/Undesired Transmission The wireless mike will pick up any transmission in the 49MHz range (including cordless phones and baby monitors) and re-transmit them on the ham bands. Don't leave your radio on and unattended with this option installed. Attributed: kenh@w8hd.org (Ken Hoehn) The Fix: There's a modification for the MW-1 that will only let the radio key up when it receives both the 49MHz signal and an infrared command from the MW-1 remote. I think they list it in the users manual for the MW-1. [ed. with this enabled, some have complained that the transmit is intermittent.] Attributed: system@garlic.sbs.com (Tony Pelliccio) -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- [end of mod sheet Rev D] -=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=- -- - Postings to rec.radio.info: rec-radio-info@ve6mgs.ampr.ab.ca - rec.radio.info administrivia: rec-radio-request@ve6mgs.ampr.ab.ca