From the AMSAT-BB mailing list, 31 July 1997:
  Here is the correct information on AO-27 about packet vs. voice operation.

What is the satellite called?
------------------------------------------
  Object 22825 is called AO-27 by the Amateur and Eyesat-1 by the commercial 
interests.

When can AO-27 operate?
-----------------------
   The Satellite contains batteries and solar panels and is could run the
transmitters during ANY portion of a pass.  Due to power budget limits, the
AO-27 Transmitter can not run all the time. If it did, the batteries would
run down in a week's time.  Therefore the AO-27 TX is on only for 17 Minutes
a pass.  This is a difference in the Amateur and Commercial sides.  The 
Eyesat-1 commercial Transmitter could be left on all the time at different
power levels.

What Hardware is on-board?
------------------------------------------
   The Satellite contains 3 Transmitters and 7 Receivers.  It also has 5 FSK 
demodulators, 2 GMSK demodulators, 2 GMSK modulators,1 G3RUH modulator, 1 
AFSK modulator and 3 analog modulators for sending received analog to any of 
the 3 transmitters.  There is NO DSP on-board.

What are the differences between the Amateur and Commercial sides of the 
satellite?
------------------------------------------------------------------------
  For all practical purposes any RX can be switched to and demodulator and 
any TX can be switched to any modulator. AO-27 and Eyesat-1 can both be used 
to send Packet (any of the modulations the modems support) and Voice.  There 
is no real difference from the Amateur AO-27 side and the Commercial Eyesat-1 
side as far as modems are concerned.  Both AO-27 and Eyesat-1 can run the 
AO-16 microsat style software and can be used as a digital-store-and-Forward 
satellite.  The Commercial TXs have 16 power levels and the Amateur TX has 
only 4 levels.

What can the Analog mode do?
----------------------------
  The Analog mode simply hooks the discriminator of the Receiver to the 
varactor of the Transmitter.  Tests before launch showed about 30KHz can be 
passed through in this mode.  If you can fit it into 30KHz (well almost) you 
can send it through AO-27.

  Slow-Scan TV, 1200 baud GMSK, 1200 AFSK, Lets not forget Voice, 
DOVE (DO-17) Telemetry and a host of other modes have been sent through 
AO-27 in Analog mode.

What should we be sending through AO-27?
----------------------------------------
  AO-27 in Analog mode is not a very good way to send Packet.  There are 
enough packet satellites out there that do a better job.  Voice is the 
preferred use as it reaches the most people.  But from time to time, other 
modes should not be ruled out.  The slow-scan TV worked very well, and I for 
one like to see new ways to use the satellite that we did not think of when 
we built it.

So if we should not use packet, WHO is sending packet to AO-27?
---------------------------------------------------------------
  1) The uplink 145.850 is very close to other satellite uplinks. LO-19 has 
Uplinks at 840 and 860 that pass through the Analog passband.  When LO-19 is 
in the sky at the same time AO-27 is, you can hear uplinks from ground 
stations.

  2) There is ground based packet station that don't pay attention to band 
plans, it comes up on the Analog passband. (you can decode some packets with 
a TNC to see who).

What can we do?
---------------
  Just enjoy the satellite when you can.  Most people enjoy making contacts 
and don't worry about the interference picked up by the receivers.  If we 
had built deaf receivers so only 5 KW EIRP could make it into the satellite, 
there would be far less contacts from low power stations and many of you 
would never have known that AO-27 was available.

  If you do happen to decode a packet callsign, just drop them a nice note.  
I have called several stations that were using packet and some that were 
using simplex voice that never knew they were operating on a satellite 
frequency.  If you demand they move, you might be surprised just how strong 
their signal becomes in the following weeks.

 Final Note.
 -----------
  Please LISTEN before you transmit.  If you can't hear the satellite, you 
can't make a contact and you will keep everyone else from making one.

- - Michael

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(* Michael Wyrick                                                         *)
(* N4USI                                                                  *)
(* AO-27 Control Operator                                                 *)
(*                                                                        *)
(* PGP-public key can be found at www.umbra.com                           *)
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