Measuring Varactor Diodes

Background:
I wanted a way to measure varactor diodes for use in QRP projects.  Initially, I thought I might be able to use the capacitance meter built into my DMM (Tenma 72-605).  I tried several approaches, but none gave me satisfactory/accurate measurements.

My Solution:
The solution I developed involved using the VXO I designed in Figure 1.


Figure 1

It is basically a Colpitts crystal oscillator, that is being "pulled" by the 39uH inductor and the capacitance at Dt.  The Vcc I used for my tests was 13.8 V DC.  The crystal I used at Xt was a colorburst 3.579 Mhz colorburst crystal scavenged from an old VCR.  The diode and crystal both use sockets for easy substitution of components.  The output of the circuit I fed into my MFJ-259 Antenna Analyzer/Frequency Counter.  The switch, S1, allows me to use the same circuit to match crystals for filters, by grounding the crystal and removing the "variable" part of the crystal oscillator.  I constructed the oscillator Manhattan style on a 31mm X 36mm piece of scrap PC board.

I created a baseline using known capacitor values in place of the varactor diode.  Figure 2 shows the baseline data.


Figure 2

This gives me the ability to measure, with some degree of accuracy, varactor diodes with a capacitance of a few pF to over 200pF.  Good enough to determine the capacitance of varactor diodes that I can liberate from tuners, (VCR's, TV's, Radio's, etc..).

Here are 2 curves from known varactor diodes.  Both experiments show results in line with the data sheets for both diodes.


Figure 3


Figure 4

Here are a couple of pictures of the finished prototype jig.
Photo 1
Photo 2

Next, I will attempt to liberate varactor diodes from commercial electronic tuner circuits and post the results.

If you have any questions about anything you see here, please drop me a note at [email protected].