High Performance H

High Performance H-Mode Mixer,The Cheap way.

Experiment for Cheap way of High Performance H-Mode DBM
It reappearance-experiments by highly efficient British H mode double BARANSUDO mixer which is fragrant and drifts, and the cheap method.

(Ver.1.0 : July 7th 2003+Ver.1.1e:July 12th 2003+Ver.1.1f:July 26th 2003)

written by Takahiro Kato JH1WBU/JA9TTT, SaitamaJAPAN

http://members.my.home.ne.jp/ja9ttt/myexp/H-Mode-Mixer.html

■ The purpose of this page
the characteristic of a highly efficient receiver -- the first rank -- it is not an overstatement although decided by the mixer circuit " in which it experiments focusing on HAM of Britain as one of the mixers aiming at high performance on this page H-Mode Mixer The history of " and a reappearance experiment are summarized.

■ Radio Communication Handbook
A radio communication handbook (RCHB) may not not much have familiarity. A British amateur radio organization, " Radio Society of Great Britain (RSGB) It is a handbook for the amateur radio house which " publishes. That by which the blue cover rode on the 5th edition (first edition 1976) by the small size of the photograph right, and the left rode on the 6th edition (first edition 1994) and the top is the edition [ 7th ] newest version. ARRL Even if a の amateur alder is in RSGB which is different, is not published every year and is proud of long history, the 7th edition published in 1999 is the newest. (It can be come to hand by present)

There are recollections in RCHB. Is already it a front for about 15 years? JA6HW The report with which 角居 OM was written by the mobile ham was a cause. Since it was a circuit using slightly interesting ATTENETA, when the question was written, I received the reply of a picture postcard from the airport of a business trip place. It was in it, saying "A report is in RCHB." since it was not easy, if it tells the foreign-book store of receipts and payments those days private importation etc. "should investigate since there is probably a book called Radio Communication Hand Book" -- several days -- carrying out -- "-- although it was partly, which is it? publisher ...", of course, having chosen the thing of RSGB does not need to say However, it is worrisome that it is a strangely young number because it is the 5th edition. It arrived, and it saw and was conviction. Since the 5th-edition additional revision published in 1976 was repeated, it carried out. Therefore, the retrospective report using the vacuum tube occupied at least the half.

Although the 5th edition was RCHB and old contents, unlike the amateur alder of ARRL, I felt that Japanese sensitivity was suited for it. "-- a large thing -- II -- they are things -- the high power of the U.S. style and big antenna 礼賛 which are looked at by the thing amateur alder " are differed from Britain is the same snug island country as Japan, sushi and the sea are separated and there are many countries in a continent. The contents of a report also suit such the conditions of a country. There are also many reports in which QRP is played, or can have the manufacture report of a compact antenna or the interference from the direction of a continent can have ... and a sense of closeness. Unlike being the book with few outstanding contents which made operation the subject, the handbook (is still it?) of JARL consists of technical firm contents chiefly. there -- a British scent -- 漂 -- a handbook to which it comes ... Fortnum & Mason Do you want to wind a page by the side also by の紅茶?

■ H-Mode Mixer
It is thought that the receiver carried by RCHB has many which were very elaborate. It seems that they are the contents examined [ that it can only bear only for several / at least / years after being the handbook which is not easily revisable, and ]. It was the interesting receiver which used 7360 for the top in the 5th edition, and was made hybrid composition. It was visible in having passed also over the time of a vacuum tube truly, and investigation of a highly efficient receiver progressed with the semiconductor after that. The process of the development can be seen by the mixer by which the title was carried out to Super-linear Front-end. Mr. N6 NWP Jacob Mackhinson made Mixer using D-MOS FET made from Siliconix appear, or Mr. G3SBI Colin Horrabin made it develop into the mixer which was made to high-performance-ize further and which becomes H-Mode. In 1.8MHz to 18MHz, by 21 to 28MHz, since even +47dBm and 50MHz of +41dBm(s) were obtained, the interception point (IP3) was carried out. [ +53dBm and ] In ordinary Diode DBM, since this is at most about +20 dBms, it is a wonderful number. Although it may not come with a pin, since electric power 200W are anyway called +53dBm. When saying so, was SL6440 which is proud of the highest linear RITI as Gilbert cell Mixer the product made from Plessy of Britain? RACAL famous for a highly efficient receiver was Britain. Do British people adhere to a highly efficient receiver? It may be what originates in the history troubled from a continent to an intense interference through a cold war term. (The page to which the photograph explained the operation and fruit time of H-Mode Mixer.) Those he wants to look at details need to receive RCHB.

■ The problem of H-Mode Mixer
a wonderful performance obtains -- having -- reproducibility -- merit -- although it was a mixer with that right, there was no opportunity to try It is because acquisition of D-MOS FET called SD5000 was not easy once. If little, it was a very expensive device. Although others are cheap common parts, it is a slightly regrettable place. Influence of realignment of several more years, then the semiconductor industry is received, and Siliconix sells itself. SD5000 is also a production stop. then Calogic An equivalent article called SD8901 besides SD5000 has appeared as the second source from the office which says, and there are this company and information that production of D-MOS FET will be stopped in the future (it stopped ?). In addition, the detailed experiment result using SD5000/SD8901 in an N6NWP type circuit JR1PWZ It is opened to Mr. Shimizu's site.

a device also with a special important circuit -- acquisition difficulty -- 2 of the beam deviation pipe 7360 -- dancing -- it will be . However, HAM which attached the eye to the nice device was. It is Mr. I7SWX Giancarlo Moda. It seemed that ON resistance felt the limit since speed was also greatly slow although 氏 was experimenting in the highly efficient mixer using 74HC(s)4066. At such time Bus-Switch IC It is を見つけた. It was the time when the clock of PC went up by leaps and bounds, around 1996 which was experimenting exactly. The speed of CPU Data-Bus is also raised and it was impossible for delay time to ignore in having switched the signal at the ordinary gate IC. The answer which Fairchild took out to such a problem was what is called zero delay switch (Quick Switch). Although it will hit and will be a front if it thinks, if a bus is switched with an analog switch, propagation delay of Gate IC will be the way of thinking that it will not be. Surely, if it is this, only the signal delay about wiring length takes place. However, since there was no level reproduction function in an analog switch, ON resistance needed to be made low infinite. After all, although uses differed, the device called this Bus-Switch was the thing of analog switch そ, and since ON resistance was also small, it was the the best [ device ] for H-Mode Mixer at high speed. And OMAKE was attached. In SD5000, the drive of the troublesome gate is also overly easy. Negative bias will be unnecessary and will be able to be managed with sushi and a mere logic level. Furthermore, since Bus-Switch was a device for personal computers, it was able to hold expectations which become cheap in the future.

■ Acquisition of Bus-Switch IC
Although it was Bus-Switch to which the future was expected, it was acquisition difficulty at the time of the beginning. Since Fairchild was the company in the U.S., U.S. HAM received first. Mr. W7 AAZ William N Carver experimented in the real parent of H-Mode Mixer, and the device acquisition waiting of G3 SBI on contemptuous glance by Bus-Switch of Fairchild which came to hand instantly, and FST3125. Of course, the very good result was obtained. Since ON resistance was lower than SD5000 and there were also few conversion losses, it carried out. Having also retested G3 SBI using FST3125 which came to hand at last does not need to say. Since H-Mode Mixer considered to be the fate which disappears from the acquisition difficulty of D-MOS FET revived temporarily, it carried out.

I touched such an experiment result and wished to try also in person. although not dabbled in SD5000 -- Bus-Switch -- some -- merit that's right When it investigated, the second source had also come from several companies. In it, the target was extracted to the company which calls it Pericom, and acquisition of a sample was tried. Naturally, acquisition of a sample was variously asked about the purpose of use, future use quantity, etc., and there was the inquiry same also from a Japanese agency in it. Since it was hard to say "it uses for the mixer circuit of a receiver" by no means, it was troubled. Agency Internix Although it has received by の御 good will, it does not go to the reason for introducing it in a network, either, but public presentation is postponed. However, the acquisition place which may be taken has been discovered. If even money is paid, it will sell there, without asking anyone anything. Although information was insufficient and there were also worries, it did not those[ with a problem ]-ま at all. The opportunity for the experiment of this Mixer to look at sunlight at last visited.

Thank you for keeping company for a long introduction. Then, let's start an experiment after this.

- Attention
A big photograph can be seen if a left-hand side photograph is clicked.
Please return to returning from a big photograph with the back button of a browser.

It is an experiment circuit. By H-Mode Mixer, since three have the transformer of a Trifiler volume, wiring becomes intricate and the upper row of a drawing can be seen. However, if IC and a transformer are removed, otherwise,-two resistance and a bypass capacitor will be the easy circuits called some. Since there will also be no adjustment if there is even no wiring mistake, it can make easily. Although the tipped type was used for the bypass capacitor in the trial production, the lead of an ordinary capacitor may be cut short and you may wire. A transformer is explained independently in the lower one.

The lower berth is a waveform plastic surgery circuit for driving Bus-Switch. the Duty ratio from a basic wave -- it is Fundamental Frequency Squarer which makes 50% of rectangle wave This circuit T3-DBM Although it came out and experimented and the good result was obtained, originally it was experimenting for this Mixer. Therefore, the frequency of a local oscillator should just give not twice but frequency as it is. If it assembles compactly, it uses also for reconstruction of other receivers. Although the parts of three terminals called Noise Filter are used, the thing wound around the ferrite bead several times can be substituted for this. Although it is 10Kohm with a circuit diagram, the many rotations VR are good anything, if it is the range of 5-100Kohm. Since parts are only cheap general things, I regard them as acquisition being easy.

Important Bus-Switch IC is explained. As Bus-Switch which can be used for this Mixer Fairchild Although の FST3125 and FST3126 is original, there is many second source. However, all are surface mount type packages. A photograph is taken together with general dual in line type IC for comparison of a size. Since ordinary IC is like [ which looks huge ], I think that the size of a field mounting package is known. Although treatment can be regarded as difficult, if mounted in the following conversion boards, the rest can wire ordinarily. Does it lose, if it avoids only by seeing a package? In addition, although 3125 and 3126 have the reverse logic of a control terminal, if they are used for this Mixer, which will be sufficient as them.
By the way, although it is an acquisition place, the second source Thing .com It was alike. Since there was no publication of a package, two kinds of relevance were purchased. Consequently, Quality semiconductor (現-) IDT QS3126 of make is pin pitch 1.27mm. Pericom の PI5C3125L was the thing which is 0.635mm of the half. If it attaches with hand solder, since 1.27mm will naturally be easier QS3126 It is がお recommendation. Also which 5 yen [ 100 ] It is a kind disposal price. Probably, I do not think that it is the tip which can be used for highly efficient Mixer by no means.

Although he wanted to use pin pitch 1.27mm QS3126, only a 0.635mm conversion board has a stock unluckily. Then, although soldering became a little difficult, it was carried out to using PI 5C3125. since it was a conversion board with many pins, the pins which are not used increase in number and it is wasteful -- it is . Since the conversion board is more expensive much, I want for as cheap a thing as possible to come to hand. It seems that a cheap thing is in Akizuki electronic commerce. (1.27mm thing)

Although it is soldering, it is the tips which are soldered after covering the portion troubled if solder is attached on a masking tape. Moreover, a level difference is attached by the thickness of a tape and position 合わせ of IC becomes easy. Since it does not go rather well even if it is going to solder one pin at a time, if the pin of an angle (ending) is stopped and it fixes, a solder bridge will be attached at a stretch regardless. Then, it will become a proper quantity if a solder 吸い取り ribbon removes an excess. If it applies to the pin before なら and soldering with liquid flux, solder becomes easy to get used and it can do finely. Probably, to wash in alcohol will be good in order to improve appearance.

Although it is superior and seldom becomes precocious, since what is necessary is have just soldered certainly well, is it this extent? Please be easy to use a magnifying glass etc. and observe it.

It is QRP-Club here. Mr. JH7KYD Kageyama It is the conversion board which I had boiled, given [ me ] and made. The substrate design of QRP Transceiver FUJIYAMA was also indebted to Mr. Kageyama very much. IC which has appeared is the sample obtained from Pericom. Q The pin interval called package is a type thing also with the narrow width of a pin sequence in 0.635mm. When received, keep in mind Bus-Switch of this package that the number of pins has become 16. Two pins play and it has become a pin (NC). Please check a data sheet for details. In addition, it wants to use this conversion board not for the object for an experiment but for inclusion of the system, and since it is wasteful, it is kept carefully.

It is the transformer of Trifiler wound around the glasses core. The combination by the side of primary and secondary thought "it be good", and wound around the glasses core. Core, Dan's Small Parts It came out and purchased. BLN-43-2402 It says. Although it purchased when making a selling point of ten piece $2.25-, it seems to be three piece $1.0- now.
Deciding the final performance of this Mixer has resulted in the conclusion whether it is a transformer. It used. BLN-43-2402 Since there is no guarantee that it is が Best, there is value which conducts various experiments. Moreover, a glasses core is not necessarily indispensable and is はず sufficient with an ordinary TOROIDARU core. Probably, it will be pleasant to adjust the quality of the material and the number of turns of a core, and to find the conditions from which the highest characteristic is acquired. Although wound around the glasses core of #43 material 3 times in the experiment, for taking IF frequency low like 455kHz, the INDAKU wardrobe was insufficient. (It is about [ 50micro ] H at a 3 times volume) It is necessary to increase a number of turns or to change into the big core material of 透磁率 (mu). Anyway, I think that what is necessary is just to start from first of all trying a core on hand.

As the experiment report of H-Mode Mixer opened to Web PA3CKR There is Mr. Charlos Potma's site. Exchange of various cores of the experiment of 氏 has carried the report said that the IMD characteristics differ. Although it is a simple page, please make it reference by all means.

It is the experiment board which the assembly completed. Although it is in order to see a situation, and calmly arranged to the big substrate, if it is the more dexterous one, I think that it can assemble compactly all the time. The portion of Fundamental Frequency Squarer cut and assembled the universal board.

It is the portion of Fundamental Frequency Squarer of the circuit diagram bottom. Since a high-speed pulse will be treated, in order to lower the impedance of a grand circuit if possible, a copper tape is stuck and it is made to ground in a field, although it seems to have wired ordinarily in having seen from the top. By favor, the waveform of that operation became stable and the obtained rectangle wave was also very beautiful. Since it is a high frequency circuit, on the sense that wiring should just be connected, I think that it is not nice. 74 HC Although 86 is used, it uses to per 50MHz. Furthermore, it will be 74 if it tries by the local oscillator of high frequency. AC Probably, 86 will be good. It is if it is HF belt to 30MHz. HC The type was enough.

This is an important H-Mode Mixer circuit. As a result of trying to wire symmetrical arrangement and the shortest distance etc., it has surely three-dimensional structure. Although it was serious since it assembled by trial and error at first, since the situation was found generally, the 2nd is made simply unexpectedly.

Bus-Switch has been buried in the lower one. A large ground pattern is taken and it was made to carry out beautiful operation. A ground pattern is made from a copper tape and it enables it to wire in the shortest distance. The tip capacitor was used for the bypass of a power supply pin. Since it will be in such a state, correction is difficult if soldering of IC is bad. Soldering to a conversion board is checked enough.

■ Evaluation result

It is the characteristic when carrying out frequency conversion at 17MHz from which the good result was obtained. Inputs are two signals (7.43MHz and 7.44MHz). They are two waves of 0dBm, respectively. A local oscillator is 10MHz. HF belt was [ that what is necessary is just to give the level on which, as for the level of a local oscillator, Fundamental Frequency Squarer operates normally in this Mixer circuit ] enough when there were -10 or more dBms. It is not meaningful even if it gives the above level which operates normally. If it enlarges recklessly, IC will break. - What is necessary will be just to give in the range of 10-10dBm.
3rd IMD is a value low 94dB from the main signal. The interception point by the side of the output which can be taken out from this figure serves as +41dBm. Since a mixer has about 6dB conversion loss, the interception point seen by the input side is set to +47dBm. Since the output level of a low IMD2 tone generator was 0dBm stop and you were not able to give the input beyond this, please consider each above-mentioned value to be a reference grade for the time being. It still turns out that it is low distortion wonderfully. (Since the spectrum of the shape of a mustache which is visible to the direction of the right four is the problem of a measuring instrument, please try to be disregarded)

Although it was the same conditions as the above, the input was extracted to -10dBm. No IMD(s) can be observed although it is natural. Having taken IF frequency to 17MHz has a translation. Although I understand also by the following measurement results, when frequency conversion was carried out at not much low frequency, there was IMD generating considered to originate in the shortage of an INDAKU wardrobe of a transformer. It was most so in merit that per [ 15MHz to ] 23MHz used about by the used transformer.

The frequency and the level of 2 tone VCO were the same, and the frequency of a local oscillator was changed so that IF frequency might be set to 9MHz. About 10dB of 3rd IMD(s) has deteriorated. Although it can be called the sufficiently good characteristic also now, the interception point seen by the input side is set to abbreviation +42dBm.

The frequency and the level of 2 tone VCO were the same, and IF frequency changed the frequency of a local oscillator so that it might be set to still lower 2MHz. No less than 30dB has deteriorated from the time of 3rd IMD being 17MHz. The interception point seen by the input side was set to abbreviation +32dBm. It seems that the shortage of an INDAKU wardrobe of a transformer becomes remarkable.

The frequency of a local oscillator was changed so that IF frequency might be set to 455kHz. High order IMD also comes to be seen. By this transformer, 455kHz was understood are impossible absolutely. It will also be in the state where ON resistance of FET cannot disregard it since the impedance of the はず and winding is set to about 150 ohms.

The frequency of a local oscillator was changed so that IF frequency might be set to 27MHz. Although it becomes worse than the time of 17MHz, it is a still sufficiently practical level. There is likely to be a cause in the impedance fall by the speed limit of operation or floating capacity of Bus-Switch etc. However, since it does not necessarily get worse rapidly, it is called the characteristic suitable for the upper conversion type front end. Probably, reconfirmation will be required, exchanging any transformer.

Although it does not those[ with explanation ]-ま with a pin dotage photograph, it is the leak of a carrier. It seems that operation as DBM is good since it is about -50dB to a standard level. It seemed that it was not so remarkable although the symmetry of a drive rectangle wave was adjusted.

This is passing through by IF of a signal. - Since it was about 36dB, it just called it MAZUMAZU. Probably, leaking very well needs a device for how to choose IF frequency.

A lot of SUPURIASU generates Mixer (it is also called Commutation mixer) of a switching formula in an output side. Put in Diplexer, and it strives for a terminus, and also cautions, such as improving a shield, are required. Such the characteristic is completely the same not only at H-Mode MIxer but Diode-DBM.

■ CDG2000 Transceiver
Since I introduced H-Mode Mixer, CDG2000 Transceiver のこと is touched. This project has the highest receiving performance and develops Transceiver moreover equipped with the newest function by amateur's hand. The main developer seems to be three persons, Colin Horrabin G3 SBI which is the real parent of H-Mode Mixer, Dave Roberts G8KBB, and George Fare G3 OGQ. "CDG" It is considered to have taken from this initial of three persons to say. Please, while development is advancing, click left thumbnail for details, and also have a look to a related site now.

If the outline of CDG2000 is seen, there is admiration which is rendering the hand for highly-efficient-izing of subdivision of a front end band path filter, adoption of H-Mode Mixer, decentralization of the filter passage electric power using power SUPURITTA / KOMBAINA, adoption of a 9MHz rudder type roofing filter, a DDS+PLL office group, etc. Is it the project which started in development of H-Mode Mixer and started for the embodiment of a highly efficient receiver? Since it seems to be a project on-going also now, although the result also has the portion of an unknown as for the transceiver of the completeness to where, there is a possibility of enough of exceeding a Japanese-made high-class transceiver. If mind is taken [ application of DSP, or the addition in respect of a function ] only in about, it may be completely beaten by amateur's project by the basic performance of high frequency. It is expected that I also want each maker company to oppose by the highest high frequency circuitry. UKAUKA [ the amateur of JA ] no longer. (The target IP 3 of IC-7800 had the information that it was +40dBm) (Postscript : July 9 th 2003)

■ Epilogue

How was the "H-Mode Mixer tale"? The advantage of H-Mode Mixer is considered anew. Mixer also uses the big device in electric power, and if it is high-level and is made to operate, a bigger interception point will be obtained. Although it also became the conclusion referred to as that the still more powerful device has turned to Super-linear Front-end when it became so, it experimented and the merit of H-Mode Mixe was found. There is little consumption current compared with a performance. Since the switch is only opened and closed, even a switch should be just close to an ideal and the current and the performance to consume are not directly related. Since it was C-MOS IC, although it changed with the frequency of a local oscillator, in 10MHz, it was about 12mA (Vcc=5V). There is less this than 15mA (Vcc=12V) of SN16913P. Of course, the part of Fundamental Frequency Squarer is also included. In 2MHz, it was 6mA. Although no less than 41mA will be consumed if set to no less than 50MHz, this Mixer works with few current at HF belt Low-Band which will demonstrate real value. It may be having turned to the bad portable machine of power supply conditions. Is good also for Front-end of Fujiyama something? Didn't that being right and the merit that it could make from five-piece the device of 100 yen go to the reason natural [ forget ], either?

This H-Mode Mixer was done and it has been satisfied [ with the mixer ] of almost. the interception point of the crystal filter with which saying will also follow this -- at most -- it is because description that it was +10-+15dBm was seen (However, a rudder type filter is better) I am beginning to think that a filter should be coped with, or power should be poured out so that overall level distribution may be made proper rather than it does its best by the mixer more than this. Probably, it will also be good to improve the filter of a front end. It is indispensable in order for making a local oscillator into a low noise to also expand a dynamic range. It is because a good receiver should be completed just by doing so. (Although it will become like the receiving part of CDG2000 as it is ..)

· Bibliography and1:"Radio Communication Handbook (Sixth edition)" RSGB, 1994, ISBN-1-872309-240

· Bibliography, 2: The semiconductor data book of each company

End/end