The state Israel

State system

The state Israel - parliamentary republic. Creation of the state has been proclaimed on May, 14, 1948 according to the plan of division of Palestine, accepted by the United Nations Organization.

The head of the state - the president who selects the Knesseth for five years ballot. The first president of Israel became chairman of the World Zionist organization professor Haim Weizman.

The supreme body of legislature - the Knesseth - unicameral parliament which will consist of 120 deputies. The first structure of the Knesseth began the work after general election in January, 1949. The Knesseth is in Jerusalem.

The central enforcement authority - the Cabinet headed by the prime minister. The first prime-minister of Israel began the head of the Jewish agency David Ben-Gurion.

Authority in cities municipalities, in settlements and villages - carry out local councils, regional councils supervise over groups of small settlements.

The arms

The State Emblem of Israel is represented menorah, framed by two olive branches (a symbol of the world), starting with located below written in a Hebrew of the name of the state. Gold menorah was one of the main cult subjects in the Jerusalem First Temple of times of tsar Slomona. The arms is authorized by Time state Council on February, 10, 1949.

Flag

National flag of Israel - a white prayful coverlet with two horizontal blue strips and a blue six-final star in the center. It is authorized as a symbol of the state on October, 28, 1949.

Hymn

In a basis of a national anthem poem "Ha-Tikva" ( "Hope" ) written Naftaly Hertz Imber in 1876. It has been devoted to creation of settlement Petah Tikva ( "Gate hopes" ), now - the city-satellite of Tel Aviv.

Fire will not go out yet in heart
Our Jewish rebellious soul,
To the East there will be we forward,
Look let to Zion.
To not forget hope to us of the,
That two thousand years in themselves we bear.
There will be we again people free
On our Native land - in the country of Zion, Jerusalem.

 

Capital of Israel - the city of Jerusalem with the population more than 600000 person. Other large cities: Tel Aviv (more than 400000 person, with suburbs - from above 1000000), Haifa (270000 person, with suburbs - more than 400000), Beersheba (more than 150000), Netanya (near 150000), Ashdod (near 130000), Ashkelon (near 90000), Nazareth (near 55000), Tiberias (near 40000), Eilat (near 40000 person).

Geographical position

Israel is located in the Near East. In the north he borders on Lebanon, in northeast - with Syria, in the east - with Jordan, in a southwest - with Egypt. From the West of him washes Mediterranean sea (a coastal line - 230 kilometers), in the south is Red sea (a coastal line - 12 kilometers).

General extent of borders - 1125 kilometers. The area of Israel inside borders and lines of cease-fire, including the Palestinian autonomy, - 27800 square kilometers.

Extent of the country from the north on the south - 470 kilometers, from the east on the West in the widest place - 135 kilometers. The highest point - mountain Hermon (2224 meters), the lowest - a mirror of the Dead sea (400 meters are lower than a level of world ocean), the lowest place on the ground.

The population

In Israel live more than 6000000 person. From them about 80 % - Jews (more than half - aboriginals), approximately 17 % - arabs, other representatives of other nationalities: druses, beduins, Circassians, etc. In cities live more than 90 % of Israelis.

Language

In Israel two state languages - a Hebrew and Arabian. With growth of quantity of repatriates from republics of the former USSR significant distribution as colloquial was received with Russian.